ORGANIZATION OF OBSERVATION AS A METHODOLOGICAL MODEL

Sklyarov D. S.                                                      DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2025-1-9-19

Abstract. 

The article considers observation from the point of view of its operational component – the organization of a specific series of activities aimed at achieving a predetermined goal. In the first part of the article, the main elements of observation as a cognitive activity are discussed in very general terms, in particular, the significance, prerequisites for distinguishing observation as a separate method of cognition, and a more relevant definition and structure of the method is given based on previously published works. The second part of the article is devoted to the consideration of the issue of observer qualification as an important element of the effectiveness of observation. The role of the observer and the requirements for them in the natural and social sciences are considered, the characteristic features that determine the quality of the observer’s work are highlighted based on the features of the practical implementation of the method. The third part of the article introduces the concept of a methodological model of observation as a combination of material resources and methods of their application, depending on the specific conditions of activity. The key features of individual methodological models are highlighted, the concepts of means and methods of observation are clarified, practical examples for the case of direct and inverted problems of determining a methodological model are considered. The ultimate goal of the work is to propose a framework for research planning, the basic method of which is observation.

Keywords: 

С. 9-19

LANGUAGE MENTALITY AS A SOCIAL-INDIVIDUAL PHENOMENON: FEATURES OF UNDERSTANDING IN THE CONTEXT OF THE “IDENTITY MATRIX” MODEL

Polezhayev D. V.                                                      DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2025-1-20-30

Abstract. 

The phenomenon of language, one of the spheres of culture, “works” in the system of mentality as one of the deep-psychic, functional settings, as well as a socio-cultural setting. The language setting of the mentality is the basis of self-determination of an individual, a social group and a large community of people – society, state, civilization, culture. The research problem is that language and language attitudes influence human perception, evaluation and behavior, and this must be taken into account in educational and upbringing activities. Language mentality largely determines the social and individual self-determination of the subject. It becomes the source of the social determination of the subject in the process of mastering the surrounding natural and social reality. The multilevel phenomenon of linguistic mentality has a certain historical extension. The “picture of the world” gradually changes over time, remaining relatively stable in the space of temporality. The comparative-historical approach in the study of mental phenomena allows us to compare the “worlds of everyday life” that take shape in certain historical times and eras. In the space of modern all-Russian civic identity, the sphere of linguistic mentality is one of the essential elements of the 16-bit author’s concept, which is called the “Identity Matrix”. The “Identity Matrix” contains the most important structural-content and value-semantic constants for self-determination of the subject. The philosophical and educational focus of the “Identity Matrix” emphasizes the focus of our proposed construction on the sociological study of identification structures in the space of modern Russian education with the possibility of highlighting weaknesses and adjusting them towards strengthening.

Keywords: 

С. 20-30

GENESIS OF CHATBOTS AND THEIR DEVELOPMENT IN EDUCATION

Boguslavskaya T. N., Boguslavsky M. V.,
Neborsky E. V.                                           DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2025-1-67-77

Abstract. 

Chatbots have actually become an integral part of everyday human practices and social relations. Voice assistants such as Siri, Alice, Marusya, etc., play games and charades with children, control smart homes, entertain and help plan things, and Internet chatbots help apply for insurance or find the right section on government services web portal, find information about stock quotes or weather forecasts. The purpose of the article is to characterize the genesis of chatbots and their development in education.

Keywords:

chatbots, internet bots, virtual interlocutors, voice assistants, history of digital technologies, history of digital educational technologies, digital technologies, digital educational technologies, digital revolution, digitalization of education, digital transformation tools.

С. 67-77

ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF ADDITIONAL PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

Sudin A. A.                                       DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2025-1-78-83

Abstract. 

In the rapidly developing modern world, following scientific discoveries, the process of the emergence of new and improvement of existing technologies, production and social activities is extremely intensive. The state is putting forward new tasks for working citizens aimed at ensuring the life of the population in the future society. Consequently, professional competencies in most areas of the economy are also changing. The labor market is becoming more and more competitive. And in order to meet the requirements of society and constantly increase their professional growth, specialists in any field of activity in modern Russia cannot do without additional professional education, which is implemented through professional retraining and advanced training programs. In our article, we will consider advantages and disadvantages of additional vocational education, as well as its importance in the higher education system in the Russian Federation.

Keywords:

additional professional education, labor market, modern Russia, advantages, disadvantages, importance of education.

С. 78-83

INTEGRATED APPROACH TO DETERMINING THE CONTENT OF LINGUODIDACTICS AS AN ACADEMIC DISCIPLINE

Reutov M. I.                                            DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2025-1-84-96

Abstract. 

The article is devoted to the problem of resolving contradictions in approaches to defining the essence and content of linguodidactics as an academic discipline. The fundamental differences between the concepts of linguodidactics as a branch of linguistics that deals with the description of a language for educational purposes, and as a branch of methodological science, which forms a general theory of language proficiency and mastery in the educational environment, complicate the highlighting of the unitary subject of this academic discipline. The integrated approach proposed in the article is an attempt to change the paradigm of denying the old linguodidactic theory by new innovative concepts. It implies transition to the principle of continuity between the fundamental (linguistic) and interdisciplinary areas of linguodidactics. The linguistic approach to the content of linguodidactics is considered as a fundamental basis for interdisciplinary research. The definition of the unitary object, subject and the range of tasks of linguodidactics is a prerequisite for the solution to the problem. Defining the features of the interaction of linguodidactics with other sciences and academic disciplines and creating its unified conceptual and terminological glossary are also essential in this respect.

Keywords:

integrative approach, linguodidactics, methods of teaching foreign languages, methodological science, linguodidactic research, object of research, subject of research, conceptual and terminological glossary.

С. 84-96

RESISTANCE TO “FRENCH” EDUCATION IN THE ERA OF RUSSIAN ENLIGHTENMENT

Kolobkova A. A.                                               DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2025-1-97-106

Abstract. 

The article examines certain aspects of the manifestations of the harm of “French” education through the prism of the views of Russian statesmen, whose primary task was the preservation of the national identity of the Russian people. The attitude towards the “French” education of Nikolai Semenovich Mordvinov, Alexander Semenovich Shishkov, Fyodor Vasilyevich Rostopchin is analyzed, with specific measures aimed at eradicating the practice of raising Russian children by foreign tutors, suppressing the hidden propaganda of French culture, and preventing the French from implementing their plan to denigrate the Russian people.

Keywords:

“French” education, Russian language, French language, foreign tutors, Gallomania.

С. 97-106

CRAFTS IN THE LABOR TRAINING OF STUDENTS IN THE RUSSIAN EMPIRE OF THE EARLY TWENTIETH CENTURY

Finogeeva T. E.                                            DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2025-1-107-117

Abstract. 

The labor training of students of general education institutions allows them to form a set of skills and abilities necessary for their further socialization and professional adaptation. The importance of labor training is confirmed by the adoption of legislative acts providing for the study by schoolchildren of the educational subject “Labor (technology)”, the participation of students in socially useful work. Understanding the importance of labor training determines the need to build an effective system of labor (technological) education for schoolchildren. The analysis of the historical experience of organizing the study of crafts in the labor training of students in the Russian Empire in the early twentieth century will make it possible to form an effective system of labor (technological) education of schoolchildren at the present stage. The analysis of academic and pedagogical research devoted to various aspects of the study of crafts in the labor training of students in the Russian Empire of the early twentieth century is carried out. The features of teaching crafts are considered using the example of various types of educational institutions: craft workshops, labor schools, mining schools, craft departments at public schools, schools of free education.

Keywords:

craft, labor training, mining schools, craft workshops, school of free education, system of labor (technological) education, professionalization of training.

С. 107-117

THE PECULIARITIES OF PRESENTING THE PROBLEMS OF SCHOOL PERFORMANCE ON THE PAGES OF THE JOURNALS “SOVIET PEDAGOGY” AND “RADYANSKA SCHOOL” (THE 1950s)

Krivko I. P., Goncharov M. A.                      DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2025-1-118-131

Abstract. 

The article examines the reflection of the problem of academic performance in the leading republican journals of the RSFSR – “Soviet Pedagogy” and the Ukrainian SSR – “Radyanska school”. It has been established that in the 1950s, the concept of recording academic performance was transformed into the plane of testing students’ knowledge, skills, and abilities, which caused a wave of publications on academic performance, record keeping, and assessment of students’ knowledge. The fundamental articles in the journal “Soviet Pedagogy” are presented, which set the tone for public discussion on its pages, which resulted in the formulation of the basic principle of monitoring academic performance in a Soviet school – the presence of a teaching and upbringing component, as well as an individual approach to the student. The article also discusses issues related to ensuring student academic performance in connection with the polytechnicnization of school and teacher requirements in the new environment.

Keywords:

pedagogical periodicals, publications, the journal “Soviet Pedagogy”, the journal “Radyanska school”, academic performance, record keeping and assessment, survey, student, teacher.

С. 118-131

PECULIARITIES OF FUTURE TEACHERS' UNDERSTANDING OF THE RISKS OF USING ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN EDUCATION

Noskova T. N., Yakovleva O. V.                      DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2025-1-132-145

Abstract.  

The need for research and application of artificial intelligence in educational practices is due to the current change in technological structures and changes in the labour market. Artificial intelligence (AI) is analysed as a critically important and promising tool in the digital learning environment (DLE) based on the author’s concepts of DLE and its values. It is shown that, along with the capabilities in solving professional problems of a teacher and supporting a student, AI carries a range of content, communication, and management risks, as well as risks associated with the development of the personality of the subject of DLE. The results of an empirical study of the characteristics of future teachers’ understanding of the risks of using AI in education are presented. Pedagogical university students see the risks of AI both in the teaching profession and in the broader humanitarian context. The analysis of the survey shows that students have an insufficiently formed and consolidated understanding of the identified issues and indicates the need to include issues of the use of AI in the content of academic disciplines, educational programs and modules, as well as educational work with future teachers.

Keywords:

С. 132-145

ORGANIZATION OF ART-EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES IN THE SYSTEM OF FUTURE TEACHERS’ PROFESSIONAL TRAINING

Shevchenko A. V.                                         DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2025-1-146-159

Abstract.  

The article is devoted to the problem of organizing art-pedagogical activities of students in the educational process of a university in the context of a system-activity approach based on the relationship between general pedagogical and artistic activities, its influence on the professional orientation of future teachers, expressed by their subjective intentions to implement this relationship in the educational process of a modern school. In accordance with this approach, art-pedagogical activity is considered as one of the leading types in the structure of a teacher’s professional activity, a characteristic feature of which is the manifestation of creative activity in the process of solving the problems of teaching and upbringing using the potential of art. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the conditions and functions of art-pedagogical activities that ensure improvement of the quality of training of future teachers. Using specific examples in the content of the disciplines of the pedagogical cycle, the organizational and methodological tools for the implementation of art-pedagogical activities in the educational process are revealed. The results of a survey to identify students’ awareness of the need to use the means of art in professional and pedagogical activities are presented.

Keywords:

С. 146-159

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF PRODUCTION PRACTICES AT THE PRODUCTION DEPARTMENT OF THE STATE INSTITUTE OF THEATRE ARTS – GITIS AND THE MOSCOW ART THEATRE SCHOOL

Терехов Д. М.                                          DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2025-1-160-169

Abstract.  

The article provides a comparative analysis of the practical programs of the production faculties of the Moscow Art Theater School and GITIS. The purpose of the study is to identify the strengths of these programs and evaluate their impact on graduate employment. Practical skills play a key role in the career start of a young specialist, including a theater producer. A properly structured practice program helps to qualitatively develop these skills, and the final result of the educational process depends on the order and duration of the disciplines.

The research is based on regulations, the works researching issues of education in general and practice in particular, and statistical data on the employment of graduates. At GITIS, internships are evenly distributed across courses and include various tasks in several organizations, which allows students to gain a variety of professional experience. At the Moscow Art Theater School, the main load falls on the final year, which ensures a smooth transition from study to work, but can overload students.

The research methodology is based on a quantitative approach: the article calculates and compares various indicators of practices at GITIS and Moscow Art Theater School, such as the average percentage of graduates being employed, the total duration of practice and stratification by year. Based on the data obtained, assumptions are made about the optimal structure of educational practice. The strengths and weaknesses of each program are emphasized and methodological guidelines that can improve them are given. 

In conclusion, it is stated that carefully designed and evenly distributed practical programs contribute to a higher level of professional training and successful employment of graduates.

Keywords:

С. 160-169

DIAGNOSTICS OF POLICE OFFICERS’ PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCE DEVELOPMENT

Seleznev V. I., Rodionov M. A.                     DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2025-1-170-184

Abstract.  

This work is devoted to considering the problem of diagnosing the development of professional competence of police officers. The authors identified parameters for optimizing the process of initial professional training in the educational organization of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, reflecting the possibilities of improving the content of professional competence. Criteria and indicators have been defined, characteristics of the levels of professional preparedness for activities in the position of a police officer have been identified and justified. The results of diagnostics of police officers’ professional competence formation in the course of experimental work (ascertaining, formative, control stages and the stage of testing the reproducibility and reliability of the results) are presented. Particular attention is paid to testing the reliability and accuracy of the data obtained, subjected to special qualitative and quantitative analysis.

Keywords:

С. 170-184

FUNCTIONAL AND PHENOMENOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF THE THEOLOGICAL COMPETENCE OF A TEACHER (ORTHODOX CONTEXT)

Kazantsev D. A. (igumen Christopher).                DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2025-1-185-194

Abstract.  

The article examines the pedagogical phenomenon of theological competence, which is significant in the context of teaching the “Fundamentals of Religious Cultures and Secular Ethics” course in general education organizations. Theological competence is understood as an essential ideological emotional-intellectual subphenomenon for a teacher, which is a product of the teacher’s targeted acquisition of Orthodox theological knowledge. 

The author provides interpretations of theological competence – as a social-individual pedagogical phenomenon and as a theoretical concept / category of social and humanitarian knowledge, especially emphasizing the functional and phenomenological aspects of its ideological component. Phenomenological understanding of theological competence is presented by the author, on the one hand, as work that is important from the point of view of theoretical analysis within the framework of the mental approach to understanding the features of interaction between subjects of education. On the other hand, this is a praxeologically necessary act of teacher self-identification.

Keywords:

С. 185-194

MODEL OF RISK CULTURE FORMATION IN FUTURE PRIMARY SCHOOL TEACHERS

Khalmuratova Sh. B.                                      DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2025-1-195-201

Abstract.  

In addition to the educational function, the education system is also responsible for moral education and the formation of the information culture of students. These tasks are strategically important for any society, especially in the context of globalization, where information technologies are rapidly penetrating all spheres of life. The relevance of information culture issues in education requires in-depth academic study and the development of effective methods. The article presents a model for the formation of riskological competence of future primary school teachers, aimed at developing their knowledge, skills and abilities in the field of identification, analysis, forecasting and management of pedagogical risks. The model includes three stages: theoretical, practical and reflective. At the theoretical stage, students study the basics of risk theory and riskology, methods for assessing and predicting educational risks, and strategies for managing them. At the practical stage, they develop the skills to identify and analyze risks, develop risk management plans, implement these plans and evaluate their effectiveness. At the reflective stage, students assess their risk competence, analyze their teaching activities from the point of view of risk management and develop an individual self-improvement program.

Keywords:

С. 195-201

USING LITERARY TEXTS IN TEACHING THE READING AND WRITING MODULE IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE CLASSES IN PHILOLOGICAL UNIVERSITIES

Fayzieva N. Sh.                                           DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2025-1-202-211

Abstract.  

The article provides information on the use of literary texts in teaching the Reading and Writing module in English classes at philological universities. At the same time, it gives information about the importance of interaction between the teacher and students in the learning process. It also outlines a general understanding of teaching methodology and focuses on how a teacher should constructively build the educational process to achieve the desired positive results.

Keywords:

С. 202-211

INTEGRATING REGULAR AND EXTRACURRICULAR ACTIVITIES IN THE SUBJECT AREA “LIFE SAFETY” IN GRADES 10–11

Kononova E. I.                                             DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2025-1-212-220

Abstract.  

The article discusses the main methodological conditions for the implementation of an experimental methodology for the development of students’ safety culture in the process of integrating regular and extracurricular activities in grades 10–11 and its practical applications in the educational process of the school.

Keywords:

С. 212-220

AN INTEGRATED APPROACH TO ASSESSING SCHOOL STUDENTS' EDUCATIONAL ACHIEVEMENTS IN BIOLOGY

Bobryashova I. A., Teremov A. V.,
Grishaeva Yu. M.                                           DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2025-1-221-232

Abstract.  

The paper considers an integrated approach to assessing the educational achievements of school students in biology. The necessity to take into account the level of knowledge acquisition is justified as well as the conduction of an assessment procedure based on criteria and indicators that allow not only to state the subject-specific achievement levels of students, but also measures the awareness and effectiveness of the knowledge acquisition.

Keywords:

С. 221-232

IMPLEMENTATION OF AN ALGORITHMIC APPROACH IN TEACHING ENGINEERING GRAPHICS

Ternovskaуa O. V., Ivlev A. N.,
Ternovskaya E. Yu.                                       DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2025-1-233-241

Abstract.  

The problems of modern graphic education are considered, algorithmization of the educational process as one of the ways to increase the effectiveness of teaching is analyzed. An example of algorithmization of a separate topic on engineering graphics is given, the results obtained are analyzed and conclusions are drawn on the topic under study.

Keywords:

С. 233-241

USING THE INFORMATION ENVIRONMENT FOR CHEMISTRY HOMEWORK

Jamolova N. J.                                           DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2025-1-242-250

Abstract.  

During the structuring of students’ independent activity within the classroom setting, educators employ both traditional methods and the tools of modern information technologies, known as educational information environments. 

The limited scope of instructional content provided in textbooks constrains the full exploitation of informational environments for the development of students’ cognitive skills. Homework, perceived as a form of independent work, possesses substantial potential to stimulate and enhance students’ cognitive activity. In class, students master techniques of independent learning, and while engaging with homework, they independently manage the time required for its completion and select strategies for solving the tasks at hand. The integration of modern informational environments into the educational process is now considered an essential requirement. The interaction between informational environments and academic subjects represents one of the priority challenges of contemporary school education. 

This article explores various types of chemistry homework assignments for students in general education schools, describes the significance of the informational environment in the execution of these assignments, provides guidelines for the use of information technologies, and presents a methodology for completing assignments on the topic of “The Atomic Structure of Halogens using an Informational Environment”.

Keywords:

С. 242-250

USING PODCASTS IN RFL CLASSES

Grishkova L. V.                                    DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2025-1-251-257

Abstract.  

Recently, there has been increasing interest in research in the field of teaching Russian as a foreign language (RFL). The number of students studying Russian is constantly growing, which is associated with the increasing role of the Russian language in the academic environment. The ultimate goal of training is to master the Russian language as a means of communication. Students must learn to express their thoughts, understand their interlocutors, interpret and reproduce information received from audio and video recordings in oral and written form.

Keywords:

С. 174-181

QUALITIES FORMING THE PROFESSIONAL IDENTITY OF FUTURE TEACHERS IN THE CONDITIONS OF SOCIETY ECONOMIC TRANSFORMATION

Dzhumagulov M. T.                                               DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2025-1-258-267

Abstract. 

The article deals with the results of theoretical research of personal qualities as important components of the professional identity of future teachers formed in the conditions of the ongoing economic transformation of the Russian society, as well as the need to guide and control this process in the national higher school.

Keywords:

professional identity, future teachers, professional qualities, economic transformation, education.

С. 258-267