HUMAN ACTIVITY AS THE BASIS FOR FORMING THE TECHNOLOGY

Pelevin Sergei I.                                                          DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2020-6-9-15

Abstract. 

The article examines the socio-cultural aspect of the technologization of social practices, showing that technological development occurs not only due to the maximum concentration of a material resource in the desired field of activity, but also due to the fact that the use of this resource and related activity is given the necessary sociocultural vector, which takes the form of a social request and feedback, that is, the information and value vector of this process. The interactions of human activities and technologies are analyzed. A comparison is made between the engineering philosophy of technology and the humanitarian philosophy of technology. The author also considers the concepts of “technique” and “technology”, focusing on their socio-ontological, praxeological and anthropological content. Technique is instrumental, while technology is basically oriented towards the socio-cultural environment. Socio-ontological references of technology fall into the focus of research interest, and therefore it is human activity that seems to be the source of technology formation. Methodologically, this is achieved by using an approach focused on the so-called “social construction of technologies”. It is noted that technology as a means of rational organization of social life, which has socio-cultural significance, always displays social and anthropological projections regarding the referential and reflective aspect of its existence within the framework of the socio-cultural system and various social practices.

Keywords:

technology, technique, philosophy of technology, social philosophy, technological constructivism, social subject, social practices, human activity, purposeful activity, social determination.

P. 9-15

“DEVELOPMENT OF CRITICAL THINKING SKILLS”: THE CASE OF THE COURSE IMPLEMENTATION

Lun’kov Alexander S.                                                DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2020-6-16-22

Abstract. 

In 2017, the transition to the new Federal state educational standards of higher education of the so-called “3 ++ generation” began in Russia. A number of innovations have been introduced into these standards, including new universal competencies. In this article, we consider the experience of introducing a new academic discipline “Development of critical thinking skills” into the curriculum at the master’s level. This subject was supposed to fulfill the function of forming one of the universal competencies “UC-1 Able to search, critically analyze and synthesize information, apply a systematic approach to solving the tasks”. The process of developing and implementing the course was accompanied by a number of conceptual, organizational, methodological and didactic difficulties. These difficulties and ways to overcome them are analyzed in the article.

Keywords:

critical thinking, FSES, postgraduate education, higher education, competencies development, universal competencies.

P. 16-22

BASIS PERSONAL BELIEFS, SELF-PERCEPTIONS, AND THEIR INTERCONNECTION WITH COPING STRATEGIES

Abstract.

The article deals with the relationship between deep personal beliefs and coping behavior. The sample of the pilot study was 70 people. The theoretical basis is the cognitive-behavioral approach. The pilot study used the questionnaire “Ways of coping behavior” by R. Lazarus, the method “Personal differential” and the Yanov-Bulman scale of basic beliefs. Based on the results, a conclusion is made about the relationship of deep beliefs, as well as personal features with coping strategies. It is suggested that the personal characteristics of a person are more recognized than deep beliefs, so the connection with coping behavior is more pronounced. The practical significance of the study is due to determining the self-perception, one’s beliefs and their interconnection with the behavioral aspect, which is manifesting in the coping behavior.

Keywords:

basic beliefs, coping strategies, assessment of personal qualities.

P. 23-30

SYNDROME OF EMOTIONAL BURNOUT OF DOCTORS DURING THE RESTRUCTURING OF HEALTHCARE IN 2012–2015 IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

Arifdjanova Malokhat A.                                            DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2020-6-31-42

Abstract.

The article deals with the issue of a burnout syndrome among health care workers during the reform of the Russian Healthcare Service in 2012–2015. It was the time when the pressure on the mental health of medical personnel increased. Social, psychological, economic and legal factors that cause the symptom are analyzed. Urgent methods to combat the problem as well as practical recommendations on preventing and correcting the professional burnout among medical workers are presented.

Keywords:

syndrome of emotional burnout, professional burnout, restructuring of the healthcare system, the healthcare, medical personnel, pressing, stress, mental health, psychological training.

P. 31-42

THE SOCIAL REPRESENTATIONS STRUCTURE OF THE STUDENTS LIFE PATH,
EXPRESSED BY MEANS OF METAPHORS

Salikova Evelina Mariia V.                                          DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2020-6-43-58

Abstract.

The article discusses theoretical approaches to understanding social representations of the life path, expressed by means of metaphors. For the first time the data from a comparative study of social representations of the life path, expressed by means of metaphor, in students’ group and respondents with higher education is presented. The study involved 267 respondents, 166 – graduates, 101 – a higher educational institution undergraduate at the time of the study. On the basis of the study, the specificity of the nuclear-peripheral structure of social representations of the life path, expressed by means of metaphors, among students and respondents with higher education, has been identified. The article provides a detailed description of qualitative and quantitative research methods using modern software MAXQDA Analytics Pro 2018 Release 18.2.4.

Keywords:

social representations, nuclear-peripheral structure, metaphor of student life, qualitative research methods.

P. 43-58

THE MANIFESTATION OF DEPRESSION, ACCULTURATION STRESS AND GUILT
IN EMIGRANTS

Metelkina Anastasiia A.                                              DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2020-6-59-70

Abstract.

This article describes the manifestations of depression, acculturation stress and guilt among immigrants to Europe and the USA. It was concluded that the impossibility of adaptation in a new culture, that is, problems and difficulties in acculturation, is the cause of the acculturation stress. It was concluded that the acculturation stress contributes to psychological problems such as depression, one of the manifestations of which may be anxiety and guilt due to dissatisfaction with customs, values and beliefs in a non-native culture and country of the migrant. In addition, studies on the interrelation between acculturation and depression show the main factors causing depression, namely: lack of knowledge of the language and unwillingness (or lack of motive to learn a foreign language); terms of residence in another country; the immigrant’s age; the situation, which triggered the move. Also, the causes of depression may be the inability to bring one’s relatives to the country of residence or difficulties that many migrants face in finding employment (professional realization). Most importantly, depression due to the acculturation stress can be the cause of physical problems, such as head- and backaches, which can lead to the quality of life decrease. One of the possible ways to deal with the acculturation stress is to adopt (to assimilate) to a new culture with memory and respect for one’s native culture.

Keywords:

acculturation stress, guilt, depression, globalization, migration, health status, quality of life, culture.

P. 59-70

THE IDENTIFICATION AND SUPPORT OF GIFTEDNESS OF THE CHILDREN WITH SPECIAL NEEDS AND DISABILITIES IN SUPPLEMENTARY EDUCATION: APPROACHES AND SOLUTIONS

Trifonova Ekaterina V., Kulakova Elena V., Kolosova Elena B., 

Adamyan Elena I., Adamyan Luiza I.                          DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2020-6-71-87

Abstract.

This article reveals the criterion approach to identification, support and development of initiative, abilities and inclinations of the children with special educational needs and disabilities (SEND) in the system of supplementary education, in art, science and sport. The authors have analysed the documents that regulate the educative focus while working with such children who evince a steady interest and high motivation to studying in the system of supplementary education. The essential contradictions of the existing approaches to work with the children of this category in the context of the scientific terms of reference in dealing with the children’s giftedness have been specified. Basing on the criterion psychological and educational approach, designed by the authors, a complex multilevel system for assessing and developing inclinations, abilities and gifts of the SEND children is proposed.

Keywords:

supplementary education, the children with special needs, individual education route, ability, initiative, highly motivated children, psychological and educational support.  

P. 71-87

THE PROBLEM OF SOCIAL AND PEDAGOGICAL NEGLECT OF FIRST-YEAR STUDENTS

Vostokova Julia I., Nikolaeva Lyubov V., 

Satistova Elena E., Chudakova Anna O.                      DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2020-6-88-96

Abstract.

In the article, on the basis of psychological and pedagogical diagnostics, the analysis of the social situation of the development of enrollees’, and practical experience, the authors uncover the psychological characteristics of modern first-year students, which, in the absence of systematic work to overcome the manifestations of psychosocial maladaptation among students, can lead to the development of socio-pedagogical neglect in a University setting. A definition of socio-pedagogical neglect of students is proposed, which is considered as the consequence of the negative (authoritarian or conniving) influence of the community (family, school, university) with concomitant violations of the development of socio-psychological adaptive resources of the student’s personality, and which triggers educational and professional maladaptation. The features of interaction with students with different socio-psychological adaptive capabilities are considered. Based on the interpretation of the results of the survey conducted among students and teachers of Arzamas branch of Nizhny Novgorod State University, the main areas of work of the supervisor of the 1st year academic group in order to prevent socio-pedagogical neglect are identified.

Keywords:

vocational education, student, supervisory control, socio-pedagogical neglect, maladaptation.

P. 88-96

THE CONTINUOUS PEDAGOGICAL EDUCATION IN THE REPUBLIC OF KARELIA: THE PROBLEMS OF FUNCTIONING AND DEVELOPMENT, THE WAYS OF THEIR SOLUTION

Ermolenko Rimma E., Kolesov Vladimir I.               DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2020-6-97-105

Abstract.

The article presents the experience of the Institute of Pedagogy and Psychology of Petrozavodsk State University in creating the regional system of the continuous pedagogical education in the Republic of Karelia in conditions of the current socio-economic challenges to education, the need to solve the problems of the National project “Education”. The article reveals the problems of functioning and development of the system of professional pedagogical education, the article also describes the efficient mechanisms and directions of development. The key program activities and organizational conditions for improving the quality of the continuous pedagogical education in the Republic of Karelia have been identified.

Keywords:

pedagogical education, socio-economic challenges, problems of system development, national project, quality of education, career guidance, pedagogical training programs, regional system of pedagogical education, professional competencies.

P. 97-105

Marchukova Svetlana M.                                  DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2020-6-106-117

Abstract.

The article is devoted to the study of the heuristic potential of metaphoricity in the modern understanding of Y.A. Comenius’s philosophical and educational project. On the example of “The Labyrinth of Light and the Paradise of the Heart”, “The Great Didactics” and “The World in Pictures”, the author of the article reveals the importance of metaphoricity as one of the basic principles for the implementation of the idea of Pansophy in the pedagogical theory and practice. The metaphorical nature of Komensky’s texts and drawings reveals the significance of his philosophical and educational project as “systems of comparative connections” (K. E. Nipkov), illustrates his thesis on “three levels of reliable knowledge: empirical; epistemic and heuristic ”(“Pansophy”).

Keywords:

Y. A. Comenius, metaphoricity, philosophical and educational project, heuristic potential, “Labyrinth of light and paradise of the heart”, “Great didactics”, “The world in pictures”.

P. 106-117

Kryuchkova Elena A.                                        DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2020-6-118-126

Abstract.

The article is devoted to the philosopher, psychologist and teacher Anatoly Sergeyevich Arseniev. The biography presented in the article reveals the formation of Arseniev’s scientific views. The consideration and development of his philosophical, psychological and pedagogical concept of personality’ formation is in the focus of attention. The problems of pedagogy that Arseniev sets in his works are identified and characterized through the prism of the need for personality formation. These problems are: the antinomy of the goals of education and upbringing, the correlation and priority of upbringing and training, the functions of natural science and humanitarian education, the problem of the formation of the ethical consciousness of the person, the problem mutual influence of the individual and the team, etc. The author shows the relevance and importance of studying the works of A.S. Arseniev’s for understanding and solving the problems of modern pedagogy.

Keywords:

A. S. Arseniev, philosophical anthropology, personality, cultural and historical subject, moral education, aesthetic education, emotional education.

P. 118-126

Krichevtsova Ekaterina I.                                 DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2020-6-127-139

Abstract.

The article is devoted to defining the essence of the notion of “initiative” among components of the preschool educational paradigm within various historical periods. The author reveals the periodization in the interpretation of the “initiative” and some prerequisites for its inclusion into the system of educational goals and analyzes the genesis of conditions and methods of forming initiative in preschool children. While reviewing literature, approaches to defining the concept of “initiative” at the present historical stage are revealed and the author’s interpretation of this term is given.

Keywords:

initiative, initiative of preschool children, personality of a preschooler, activity, inquisitiveness.

P. 127-139

THE DIDACTIC SPACE OF THE LEARNING SITUATION OF CONSECUTIVE INTERPRETATION IN TEACHING STUDENTS – FUTURE TRANSLATORS

Troinikova Ekaterina V., Hasanova Lilia I.               DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2020-6-140-147

Abstract.

The article deals with the linguo-didactic aspect of preparing students for consecutive translation. Special attention is paid to the construction of the didactic space for teaching phrasal and paragraph-phrasal translation, which is implemented in the educational situation of consecutive interpretation. The competency model of a specialist in consecutive interpretation, methodological approaches and principles of training is described. A typology of exercises used in the training situation of the oral consecutive translation is presented.

Keywords:

oral consecutive translation, learning situation of consecutive interpretation, algorithm of consecutive interpretation.

P. 140-147

USING DISTANCE EDUCATION TECHNOLOGIES IN HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS

Ignatiev Vladimir P., Arhangelskaja Ekaterina A.    DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2020-6-148-160

Abstract.

The article presents the mechanism of transition of Russian universities to distance education technologies. Due to the aggravated sanitary and epidemiological situation in the country and the introduction of quarantines in educational organizations, universities were forced to solve the issues of continuing education of students. The long-standing process of preparing for the possibility of conducting distance classes with students after putting the entire country in lockdown was put into practice within the shortest possible time. Many universities, unfortunately, were not ready for this. However, there are quite a large number of different tools for conducting remote classes with students. It is considered what opportunities are provided by the use of these tools in the educational process. For contactless work with students, one can also use social networks, popular with young people. The article shows how and for what educational purposes they can be useful. The advantages and disadvantages of distance learning, the possibility of its use in the training of specialists with higher education are considered. The main tasks and problems that need to be solved for the further development of distance educational technologies in our country are outlined.

Keywords:

distance education technologies, digitalization, online course, online lecture, social networks, educational opportunities.

P. 148-160

ROLE OF TEACHERS’ CREATIVE COMPETENCY IN DEVELOPING MULTIMEDIA COMPETENCY OF FUTURE BIOLOGISTS (ON THE EXAMPLE OF STUDYING «ANATOMY AND HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY»)

Khamdamova Malika I.                                          DOI:  10.31862/2218-8711-2020-6-161-169

Abstract.

Currently, the Republic of Uzbekistan pays special attention to the use of information and communication technologies in the educational process. A highly qualified specialist in their professional activity should have a good command of ICT technologies and multimedia technologies in order to organize educational process on a high level. In mastering these technologies, the role of creative competency is important. The article discusses the role of the teacher’s creative competency in the development of multimedia competency of students’ while studying the course “Human Anatomy and Physiology”. Methodological recommendations have been developed in the form of tables where pedagogical techniques, multimedia programs and applications are applied.

Keywords: 

creativity, multimedia, competency, “Anatomy and Human Physiology”, technologies, programs, table.

P. 161-169

TYPES OF INTERACTION IN DISTANCE LEARNING

Bykova Liliya M., Remaeva Yulia G.                        DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2020-6-170-176

Abstract.

A significant benefit of utilizing information and communication technologies in modern education is the opportunity to fully or partly implement distance learning. However, the use of technology entails a serious problem relating to lack of face-to-face interaction between individuals involved in the learning process, which in turn affects their learning outcomes. This article focuses on methods and techniques to mitigate the negative impact of computer-mediated communication in a distance learning context.

Keywords: 

information and communication technologies, distance learning, psychological and communication gap, types of interaction, social presence.

P. 170-176 

ALGORITHM FOR CREATING AN INTERDISCIPLINARY TASK SITUATION IN INTEGRATED LESSONS OF RUSSIAN IN SECONDARY SCHOOL

Belova Natalya A., Kashkareva Elena A.                  DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2020-6-177-187

Abstract.

The article reflects the results of the study of the didactic role and place of interdisciplinary task situations in integrative lessons of the Russian language (considering the didactic goals of the various stages of the lesson). The authors solve the problem of identifying potential opportunities for interdisciplinary task situations for the development of motivation-value, cognitive-activity and reflective-evaluative components of subject competencies of schoolchildren, and propose an algorithm to create an interdisciplinary task situation at an integrated lesson of the Russian language in school.

Keywords: 

integrative approach to teaching Russian and Literature, integrative lesson of Russian, algorithm for creating an interdisciplinary task situation, motivation-value, cognitive-activity and reflective-evaluative component of subject competencies.

P. 177-187

USING DIGITAL TECHNOLOGY IN MATH CLASSES FOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS

Nalyotova Natalya Yu., Troitskаy Lyubov M.            DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2020-6-188-198

Abstract.

The importance of interactive digital technologies today cannot be overestimated. The use of interactive digital equipment, such as interactive SMARTBoard boards, or multimedia electronic textbooks, allows to diversify approaches to implementing educational processes. The authors of the article present a fundamentally new format of conducting a training session in mathematics for high school students using digital technologies.

Keywords: 

digital technologies, interactive board, mathematics, high school students.

P. 188-198

MODERNIZATION OF SCHOOL LIBRARIES IN THE CONTEXT OF DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION OF EDUCATION

Kubrak Natalya V.                                                  DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2020-6-199-205

Abstract.

Today, in the context of the digital transformation of education, it remains to solve the problems associated with the place and role of the school library in the educational information environment of the school. The article lists the main directions of the digital transformation of education in Russia. The essence of the modernization of school libraries is described. The analysis of the works of domestic and foreign researchers on the topic of school libraries and their place in the educational environment of the school is presented. The connection between the conditions of modernization of school libraries and the level of competence of the teacher-librarian in the field of media information literacy is indicated.

Keywords: 

digital transformation, electronic information and educational environment, school library, information infrastructure, media information literacy.

P. 199-205

FORMING INNOVATIVE ACTIVITY OF STUDENTS WITH THE USE OF SOFTWARE PRODUCTS

Suropov Bakhodir M.                                              DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2020-6-206-212

Abstract.

This article emphasizes the fact that higher education in the field of economics in the subject “Information and communication technologies and systems in economics” provides training for future economists with the aim to develop innovative activities in the form of “knowledge – idea – innovation – innovative products and services”.

Keywords: 

innovative activity, perspective motivation, knowledge, ideas, innovative products and services, computer software, electronic information and educational resource.

P. 206-212

USING FOREIGN EXPERIENCE IN TEACHING INFORMATICS AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES IN SCHOOL

Zaripov Nozimbek N.                                              DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2020-6-213-218

Abstract.

The present article deals with the analysis of ways in which programming languages are taught. Programming analysis of international educational institutions’ teaching practices and the best ways to teach programs are offered. The use of advanced foreign experience in teaching programming languages to students, the role of digital technologies in programming and the understanding of robotic technologies will enhance classroom effectiveness. It is important to develop the schoolchildren’s interest in programming, self-sufficient programming skills, to help them find their place in the future, as well as to create better programs for the development of the country.

Keywords: 

digital technology, robotics, STEM, PIRLS, PISA, software, programming, application.

P. 213-218

FORMING THE FAMILY IMAGE IN PRESCHOOLERS

Bodrova Ekaterina A.                                            DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2020-6-219-227

Abstract.

The formation of a family image is one of the most important tasks of the preschool period. The relevance of the research is determined by the needs of society and the state in searching effective pedagogical methods to teach family image and values to preschoolers. Making the right program of teaching preschoolers a family image today will strengthen the institution of the family in our country in the future. It is followed by the research challenge – how effective the program of teaching a family image to preschoolers through art will be? The aim of the study is to verify experimentally the program of forming a family image in preschoolers through art. The author of the article provides definitions of “family” and “family image” concepts basing on the theoretical analysis and the poll conducted. The theoretical part of the work describes methods for diagnosing and forming a family image in preschoolers. The development of ideas about the family by preschoolers is most effective in the process of art therapy classes. The article presents the results of an educational experiment with senior preschoolers on the topic of «Family». The following methods were chosen for diagnosing the family image: “family drawing”, “kinetic drawing of the family”, interviewing and talking with children. The research used modeling from plasticine and polymer clay as a formative art therapeutic method. The results of the experiment confirm the hypothesis of this work that art and modelling classes are effective for forming a family image in preschool children.

Keywords: 

family, family image, family values, preschoolers, formation, diagnosis, art therapy, modeling.

P. 219-227

FEATURES OF OBTAINING HIGHER MEDICAL EDUCATION BY GRADUATES OF SECONDARY PROFESSIONAL EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS (medical colleges and technical schools)

Bezugly Timofey A., Baturina Irina V.                      DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2020-6-228-235

Abstract.

The study examines the objective and subjective problems faced by medical colleges graduates who are planning to receive higher medical education.

Keywords: 

medical education, graduate of a secondary professional educational institution, potential to be admitted to a medical University.

P. 228-235

IMPLEMENTATION OF THE MODEL OF MULTICULTURAL EDUCATIONAL ENVIRONMENT IN HIGH COLLEGE

Makazhanova Zhuldyz M.                                       DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2020-6-236-244

Abstract.

The article deals with the theoretical aspects of modeling multicultural environment in an educational institution: it provides a definition to the concept of “multicultural educational environment”, which is the meaning-making concept of the multicultural educational environment model; it also presents a comparative analysis of the definitions of “design” and “modeling” and offers a structural and functional model of a multicultural educational college environment, seen as a means of researching a designated problem. The given model includes interconnected and interdependent blocks, which are a sequence of structural components and their functional purposes. The structure of the forming block of the multicultural model, which consists of four directions, is described in detail: the first direction is the organization of the educational process, the second direction is the organization of extracurricular activities, the third direction is the organization of educational activities, the fourth direction is psychological and pedagogical support. When implementing the multicultural model, the use of reproductive and interactive methods in teaching, enriching the educational process with its multicultural content, provides the opportunity to form a multicultural personality in the educational environment.

Keywords: 

multicultural educational environment of the college, modeling, the multicultural educational environment model, implementation of the multicultural model, reproductive and interactive methods.

P. 236-244