ON THE CONTEMPORARY RUSSIAN SOCIETY, EDUCATION AND UPBRINGING (PHILOSOPHICAL ASPECT)

Levikova S. I.                                                    DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2024-1-11-20

Abstract. 

The article notes that there are two main models of the society development: evolutionary and revolutionary. Within the framework of the evolutionary model, peculiar to China, preference is given to the natural course of the society development. Within the framework of the revolutionary model, peculiar to the development of Western society (Europe, the USA, etc.), changes occur in leaps and bounds through the actual destruction of what was previously developed. Russia, being geographically located between the West and the East, not only tends to the Western model of the society development, but also adopts a lot, sometimes not peculiar to it, from Western countries, which has found a vivid manifestation, including in the post-Soviet reform of Russian education and upbringing systems. However, back in the XIX century, the Russian philosopher Nikolai Yakovlevich Danilevsky warned about the dangers that lie in wait for a country that is not going its own way.

Keywords: 

С. 11-20

THE INTERRELATION OF THE INDIVIDUAL STYLE OF PEDAGOGICAL ACTIVITY AND PSYCHOLOGICAL DIFFICULTIES OF TEACHERS IN INCLUSIVE EDUCATION

Gorbenko I. A., Kiseleva T. B.,
Krajnova Ju. N.                                                 DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2024-1-47-57

Abstract. 

With the expansion of inclusive education, there is a growing need to understand the problems faced by teachers. One of the main factors influencing the effectiveness of the pedagogical activity is the individual style of pedagogical activity. The article reveals the relationship between the individual style of pedagogical activity and the psychological difficulties of teachers in inclusive education; the influence of the individual style of pedagogical activity on the ability of a teacher to adapt to the peculiarities of teaching children with disabilities is considered.

Keywords: 

inclusive education, the individual style of pedagogical activity, psychological difficulties, the effectiveness of pedagogical activity.

С. 47-57

PEDAGOGICAL MODELS: CLASSIFICATION AND FEATURES

Pisarenko V. I.                                                DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2024-1-58-76

Abstract. 

The given work examines the issue of simulation in the pedagogical science. The interdisciplinary nature of simulation is considered, examples of models in various humanitarian areas of life are given. The author suggests a classification of pedagogical models and considers their types. The author’s definitions of various types of models are proposed. Special attention is paid to the visual side of pedagogical models of various types, templates for the development of models are suggested. The requirements for pedagogical models, based on the uniqueness of pedagogical models, are formulated.

Keywords:

model, simulation, the interdisciplinary nature of simulation, classification of models.

С. 58-76

THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS OF CREATING A SITUATION OF SUCCESS IN THE EDUCATIONAL PRACTICE OF THE UNIVERSITY

Andreeva Yu. V.                                          DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2024-1-77-86

Abstract. 

The article deals with the classical theoretical and methodological foundations of the issue of creating a situation of success in the educational practice of the university at the present stage of the development of pedagogy. The article defines the relevance and necessity of providing opportunities for successful study at a university. The purpose of the article is to determine the theoretical and methodological foundations for creating a situation of success in educational activities by analyzing, comparing and summarizing the latest ideas, technologies and techniques for creating a situation of success with the classical methods already available in this field, as well as with the technology presented by the author based on her own conclusions and interpretations.

The issue of creating a situation of success in the university educational practice at the present stage of the development of pedagogy is considered in the philosophical and pedagogical aspects. The essence of the phenomenon of “success situation” is considered in detail. Classical definitions of the situation of success as a complex contradictory phenomenon and pedagogical concept are given. This article reveals the technique of modeling the educational practice, the conditions for the effective application of the situation of success and participation in this process of a modern teacher. The main types of success, its main characteristics, including “success-recognition”, “success-overcoming”, are also presented.

Keywords:

success, a success situation, a university educational practice, pedagogy.

С. 77-86

DEVELOPING THE CONSCIENTIOUSNESS OF A SCIENTIST: COORDINATION OF THEORY AND PRACTICE WHEN EDUCATING HIGHLY QUALIFIED PERSONNEL

Biricheva E. V.                                                DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2024-1-87-100

Abstract. 

Contemporary challenges tend to raise new questions about the researchers’ conscientiousness and about the ways of developing it in young scientists. In this regard, the article systematizes ethical aspects of scientific research and manifestations of the researchers’ conscientiousness; it also suggests effective methods for teaching postgraduate students aimed at developing a conscious, responsible approach to their professional activities. The article suggests to consider ethical dilemmas from different points of view: utilitarianism, aretology, deontology. Conscientiousness appears to be understood as an ability for “inner dialogue”, on the basis of which a person strives for the maximum harmonization of him-/herself and the world in the horizon of the possible. The choice of the best, therefore, seems not to have pre-made schemes, it involves “trying on” each-time-unique situation using critical and creative thinking. Thus, development of the conscientiousness of a scientist may be built on the material of experience, reflection and self-sustained solution of certain situations (from the history of science and modeled). Hence, it is advisable to use problem-based learning methods, game technologies and case studies, the methodological designs and examples of which are also briefly presented in this article.

Keywords:

conscientiousness, conscience, ethics of science, scientific ethos, responsibility of a scientist, a case study, game pedagogical technologies, problem-based learning, postgraduate studies.

С. 87-100

PERSONNEL TRAINING FOR AN ENTERPRISE: DESIGN OF THE DEFINITION

Karelova R. A.                                          DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2024-1-101-115

Abstract. 

The article presents the results of the study that aimed at constructing the concept of “personnel training”. The work tasks were to substantiate the terms applied when constructing the concept and to highlight the content of the concept under study. The main methods of theoretical substantiation the work tasks were the method of formal-logical defining the concept and the content-analysis. The research made it possible to establish a correlation of such terms as “personnel”, “staff”, “skilled personnel”, and “specialists”. The relation between the term “personnel” and the enterprise (or the economic sector) where they are employed was also emphasized. The necessary and sufficient conditions were articulated for singling out a class of objects in vocational training related to the “personnel training for a [specific] enterprise.

Keywords:

personnel training, staff, vocational training, vocational education, occupational training, coaching, skilled personnel.

С. 101-115

TEACHER'S CONGRESSES IN THE DESIGN OF THE PEDAGOGICAL COMMUNITY OF RUSSIA (SECOND HALF OF THE XIXTH – EARLY XXTH CENTURIES)

Churkina N. I.                                                DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2024-1-116-126

Abstract. 

In the article, based on the analysis of a complex of historical sources – research materials, newspaper articles and reviews of the pedagogical press of 1860–1900 – and the stated theoretical framework of the study (the theory of the development of professional communities), it is concluded that teachers’ congresses were a condition for the transformation of a professional group into a pedagogical community, which characterizes the signs of the group’s social maturity. Their dynamics and degree of manifestation made it possible to single out three periods in the pre-revolutionary history of the Russian teachers’ congresses.

Keywords:

teachers’ congresses, a pedagogical community, social maturity of the group, a professional group, history of education.

С. 116-126

THE GENESIS OF THE TEST METHOD IN THE DOMESTIC SCHOOL (THE CASE STUDY OF NATURAL SCIENCE EDUCATION)

Mirenkova E. V.                                          DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2024-1-127-138

Abstract. 

The article substantiates the relevance of the appeal to the history of the genesis of the test method in the domestic school. Based on the conducted historiographical analysis, it is shown how the test method appeared and was developed abroad, then began to spread in Russia. A brief description of the functioning of schools from the beginning of the twentieth century to the second half of the 1960s is given in connection with the educational policy of the state, the state of assessment and control of students’ knowledge, the use of tests. During this period, three stages in the development of testing are clearly distinguished. From the beginning of the twentieth century to 1935 – the stage of formation and active use of tests. The second stage – from 1936 to the early 1960s. This is the stage of denial of tests and stagnation in testing. Since the beginning of the 1960s, the stage of active revival of the test method has begun.

Keywords:

the test method, the historiographical analysis, the natural-science education, using the test method from the beginning of the twentieth century to the 1960s.

С. 127-138

ORGANIZATION OF EDUCATIONAL WORK IN THE SYSTEM OF VOCATIONAL EDUCATION DURING THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR (BASED ON THE MATERIALS OF THE LOWER VOLGA REGION)

Drachikov F. V.                                                DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2024-1-139-151

Abstract. 

The article considers the system of educational work during the Great Patriotic War in the schools of factory training, craft and railway schools, specialized craft schools of the Lower Volga region of the labor reserve system. The author highlights the directions of the educational work in educational institutions of the Lower Volga region in 1941–1945, the means of educating students of the vocational education system, the educational functions of employees and management bodies of various levels.

Keywords:

educational system, labor reserves, vocational education, The Great Patriotic War, a pre-service worker.

С. 139-151

MORAL EDUCATION OF PRESCHOOL CHILDREN BY MEANS OF A FOLKTALE

Kirkina E. N., Shchemerova N. N.,
Taraskina O. I.                                                DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2024-1-152-158

Abstract.  

The scientific article defines the possibilities and potential of using the works of oral folk art, folktales in particular in the moral education of preschool children. The results of the authors’ analysis of the features of tales of different nations are presented. The technologies of using folktales in the educational process of preschool educational institutions are considered. For a comparative analysis of folktales in kindergarten, the technology of critical thinking (building a cluster or “fishbone”, creating a cinquain or “diamond”, a “basket of ideas” or a “tree of predictions”) is proposed. The authors outline the requirements for the professional readiness of a teacher for the ethno-cultural education of preschool children.

Keywords:

С. 152-158

TYPES OF SPECIALIZED CLASSES FOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS FOCUSED ON THE STUDY OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

Abramova I. V., Shilova Z. V.                    DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2024-1-159-167

Abstract.  

The relevance of the study is due to the fact that, currently, computers and information technologies are used in almost all social spheres. The article discusses the possibilities and tools of computer science that are necessary for working in different professions. The given article deals with solving the following problem: what the subject oriented courses for high school students focused on the study of computer science and information technology should be. The subject oriented courses developed by the authors allow high school students of different vocational incline to improve their computer and information literacy. As indicators of the effectiveness of the developed types of specialized courses, it is the development in schoolchildren of the level of a confident computer and information technology user in accordance with the planned vocational direction.

Keywords:

С. 159-167

RISKS OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF JOINT EDUCATIONAL BACHELOR PROGRAMS FOR FINE ARTS TEACHERS TRAINING IN RUSSIA AND CHINA

Zubrilin K. M.                                        DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2024-1-168-180

Abstract.  

The article explores the problems and difficulties of introducing joint educational programs for training teachers of fine arts in Russia and China. One of the risks is the difference between the cultural and educational systems of the two countries, which can create difficulties for adaptation and mutual understanding. Another risk is the language barrier and lack of communication, which can be overcome through additional language training and cultural programs. The article also discusses the financial risks associated with the implementation of joint programs and recommends the development of stable and flexible financial models. In conclusion, the article emphasizes the importance of taking into account and overcoming risks in order to create effective programs and develop intercultural cooperation.

Keywords:

С. 168-180

TRANSFORMATIONAL CHANGES IN THE PERSONALITY OF STUDENTS – PRE-SERVICE TEACHERS AS THE BASIS OF THE SYSTEM OF VOCATIONAL EDUCATION

Toma Zh. V.                                           DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2024-1-181-190

Abstract.  

The relevance of the article is due to the key aspects of the vocational education of pre-service teachers based on the analysis of the characteristics of the transformation of the students’ personality during their studies at the university. Theoretical and methodological basis for assessing the ways of vocational education were the works in the fields of pedagogy, psychology, and sociology. The purpose of the article is due to clarifying the mechanisms of vocational education of students, which determine the ongoing changes in the personality of students from the level of “a student” to the level of “a teacher-to-be”. As a significant factor, the orientation of students as pre-service teachers to the student through the reflection of his/her personality is indicated. The way of vocational education of students is proposed, it develops in the triad: a student as a student → a student as a teacher-to-be → a pre-service teacher, reflecting via students. As a solution, the process of vocational education is considered, which combines the main aspects of student life and reveals to each of them the possibilities for forming the professional potential of the pre-service teacher’s personality, based on students’ reflection of the personality of their potential students.

Keywords:

С. 181-190

HOW TO WIN PEDAGOGICAL CONTESTS (FROM PERSONAL CREATIVITY TO THE COLLECTIVE PROFILE)

Lobanov V. V.                                               DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2024-1-191-204

Abstract.  

The article comprehends scientifically the tradition of holding educational skills competition which are a means of personal and professional development of employees of the education system. Assessing the speeches of the participants in the contests “Teacher of the Year”, “Educator-Mentor”, “First Steps in the Profession” and “I Give My Heart to Children” and the subsequent expert analysis made it possible to establish that the dynamics of points depends both on a narrow range of identical indicators included in various criteria in different contests, and on the formal adherence to the requirements of the regulations by educators. The first dependence is noticeable in the field of communication, presentation support, theoretical and methodological base of judgments of the contestants. The second dependence illustrates the panel’s desire to justify the points being awarded. It is found out that the increase in the effectiveness of educators’ participation in professional contests requires the emergence of a specialized collective in the educational institution. This group is understood as a creative association of contestants and representatives of the “support group” with the necessary skills and knowledge. At the same time, the possibility of self-realization of all participants in the desired types of labor is the key to the effectiveness of the collective. Also, the administration of the institution must support their work. The accumulation and comprehension of experience in accompanying and supporting the competitive activity of colleagues should bring new employees of the institution into the ranks of contestants. The creative nature of preparation for contests creates the prerequisites for art-pedagogic changes in the teacher’s day-to-day work.

Keywords:

С. 191-204

IMPROVING INFORMATION AND INTELLECTUAL ACTIVITY IN THE DIGITAL EDUCATIONAL SPACE

Noskova T. N.                                                DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2024-1-205-218

Abstract.  

The challenges of the digital economy, the digitalization of education cause immersion in the digital space of various types of activities. With the rapidly developing artificial intelligence tools, new requirements for the culture of mental labor, information and intellectual activity of a today’s specialist are being formed. It is justified that the achievement of a higher quality of information and intellectual activity requires interrelated changes in all components of students’ activities: both in setting goals and in the means of its implementation; under certain conditions this can lead to better results. A new goal in the digital interaction space is to create an intelligent design environment for the student to solve a problem in the context of using big data, a high degree of uncertainty, and the need to take into account many factors. The solution of the problem uses an expanded range of means of activity: digital technologies for working with information; the means of natural and artificial intelligence. Changes in the nature of mental actions in the new conditions of solving the problem, when using artificial intelligence tools, are revealed. The new qualitative results of solving complex multidimensional information problems in the digital space include, firstly, the adaptation of the subject to the new digital conditions of future professional activity, which requires significant changes in information and intellectual activity. Secondly, if a number of conditions are met, the information and intellectual activity of the subject can be carried out at a higher qualitative level due to the strengthening of natural intelligence by the capabilities of intelligent algorithms. Thirdly, with the manifestation of intellectual courage, and creativity, information and intellectual activity will allow the subject to find extraordinary solutions or carry out the setting of new tasks as the basis of start-ups that contribute to the effective professionalization of students.

Keywords:

С. 205-218

EVALUATION OF INFORMATION RESOURCES USED IN TEACHING PROGRAMMING

Taranukha S. N., Fomina I. K.,
Korobova K. I. Chuikova A. M.                    DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2024-1-219-235

Abstract.  

The study proposes a methodology for assessing the quality of information resources used in the study of programming languages. The methodology is based on factor analysis, which is based on the analysis of the usefulness of information used by students of information resources in the study of information technology. A comparative analysis of these resources and their capabilities in the development of the graduates’ competencies demanded by the professional business community is carried out.

Keywords:

С. 219-235

N. P. GUZIK’s COMBINED SYSTEM OF TEACHING CHEMISTRY AS A RETRO-INNOVATION IN CHEMICAL EDUCATION

Goncharov M. A., Polupanenko E. G.,
Yurchenko V. S.                                                 DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2024-1-236-246

Abstract.  

The article examines the pedagogical heritage of Nikolay Petrovich Guzik – an outstanding teacher-innovator of domestic chemical education and the author of a student-oriented combined system of teaching chemistry. N. P. Guzik’s key pedagogical ideas are presented. The historical and pedagogical significance of these ideas for improving modern chemical education are emphasized.

Keywords:

С. 236-246

THE CASE STUDY OF ORGANIZING PROJECT ACTIVITIES OF STUDENTS WITHIN THE “ELECTRONIC AND DIGITAL EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES” COURSE

Nikulova G. A.                                       DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2024-1-247-264

Abstract.  

The given paper describes a pilot project for organizing student project activities at a pedagogical university to create electronic and digital educational resources based on Web technologies. The principles and requirements for project activities are analyzed. A learning model, pedagogical design and contents of the main stages of the individual project activity with components of teamwork have been developed. This approach was tested in the “Electronic and Digital Educational Resources” (EDER) course for the 4th-year undergraduate students of Lipetsk State Pedagogical University. The development of the EDER is iterative in nature, using the tools of brainstorming and reflection, as well as the collective review. Examples of project activities at individual stages are given. The conclusion is made about the positive impact of the project method on the motivation of students to form professional competencies in the context of digitalization of education.

Keywords:

С. 247-264

A LINGUOCULTUROLOGICAL CHARACTERISTIC – TECHNOLOGY OF DECODING CULTURAL MEANINGS IN THE PROCESS OF LANGUAGE LEARNING

Levushkina O. N.                                DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2024-1-265-274

Abstract.  

This article solves the problem of the implementation of the linguoculturological aspect in the process of a language teaching, namely, teaching how to decode the cultural meanings of the language. To do this, the author considers theoretical issues: she relies on the concepts of a linguistic persona and cultural meaning, analyzes and compares the functional levels of perception of meaning, formulated in psycholinguistics, and the levels of cultural consciousness, developed in linguocultural studies. To substantiate the practical solution of the indicated problem, the definitions of the concepts of a linguoculturological analysis and a linguoculturological characteristic are separated. The linguoculturological analysis is defined primarily as a tool of linguocultural studies, while the linguoculturological characteristic – as a tool of the methodological science, the use of the latter is aimed at forming the students’ linguistic persona. The stages of linguistic and cultural characteristics of the language are formulated, a universalized definition of this concept is given. The logic of the linguoculturological characteristic is correlated with the functional levels of perception of meaning (I. A. Zimnaya), with the levels of cultural consciousness (N. F. Alefirenko), as the result of which it is proved that the linguoculturological characteristic of a language is based on psychological, mental and speech mechanisms of consciousness and, in the process of a language learning, allows teaching the identification, comprehension, formulation and internalization of cultural meanings contained in the language.

Keywords:

С. 265-274

PEDAGOGICAL CONDITIONS FOR FORMING STUDENTS’ SKILLS OF PERFORMING A COMPOSITE PORTRAIT

Vardanyan V. A., Karpushina L. P.,
Kurchaviy A. A.                                           DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2024-1-275-288

Abstract.  

The article aims at identifying scientifically based pedagogical conditions that contribute to the effective formation of compositional portrait skills in the classes of easel composition in students of the children art school. The main methods are the following: theoretical (analysis of scientific sources and experience of pedagogical activity, modeling the criteria for assessing the skills of performing a composite portrait and designing a program for their formation), empirical (testing, pedagogical observation, evaluation of products of the artistic and creative activity) and methods of mathematical processing of the obtained data. The authors create and substantiate a structural and functional model of the basic skills that are necessary for students in solving various aspects of the tasks of performing a composite portrait (mental, activity, empathic, emotional). Besides the authors determine the criteria for evaluating the skills under study, correlated with each of the selected aspects, and substantiate the gradations of the levels of these skills formation.

Keywords:

С. 275-288

PROJECT ACTIVITY IN PATRIOTIC EDUCATION OF PRESCHOOLERS

Sabodash O. A.                                           DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2024-1-289-298

Abstract.  

The given article discusses the project activity as one of the effective forms of patriotic education of preschoolers. The issue of patriotism cultivation, its purpose and features are analyzed. The importance of the project activity in the patriotism development in preschoolers in a preschool educational organization is considered, as well as a pedagogical project – as a didactic tool that allows one to teach design. The stages of the project development, its types and tasks are consecrated.

Keywords:

С. 289-298

MODEL OF FORMATION OF JUNIOR SCHOOLCHILDREN’S READINESS TO ACT IN EMERGENCY SITUATIONS

Botov K. A.                                                DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2024-1-299-305

Abstract.  

The article deals with the model of formation of junior schoolchildren’s readiness to act in emergency situations. This model includes the following components: target, content, procedural, diagnostic, evaluative, corrective. These components are characterized accordingly. The target component implies readiness of junior schoolchildren for actions in emergency situations. The structure of the content component includes knowledge, skills, the experience of emotionally valuable relations and the creative activity. We see the procedural component as an integral part of the model of readiness of junior schoolchildren to act in emergency situations. It includes forms, methods and means. The diagnostic component consists of checking junior schoolchildren’s knowledge of readiness to act in emergency situations. The evaluative component allows one to assess the level of readiness of junior schoolchildren to act in emergency situations on the basis of the results of theoretical and practical lessons. The corrective component is a system of adjusting the components that need improvement.

Keywords:

С. 299-305