THE CONCEPT OF THE SUBJECT IN THE PHILOSOPHY OF CULTURE OF HEINRICH RICKERT AND ERNST CASSIRER

Belyaeva V. A.                                                 DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2026-1-9-20

Abstract. 

The article examines the methodological and axiological foundations of the philosophical systems of Heinrich Rickert and Ernst Cassirer. Special attention is given to the methodology of investigating the subject, which plays a key role in the theories of knowledge of Heinrich Rickert and Ernst Cassirer. The article demonstrates how the concept of the subject is defined in Heinrich Rickert’s philosophy through the notion of the obligation within judgment. Examples are used to analyze in detail the form of judgment, which includes a transcendent norm, a category, and a transcendental form. It is concluded that the ethical function of the reasoning subject plays a decisive role in defining the subjectivity in Heinrich Rickert’s philosophy. Rickert’s conception is compared with Ernst Cassirer’s doctrine of basis phenomena. The study explores two opposing poles of subjective mediation – Life and Spirit – in Ernst Cassirer’s philosophy. The analysis of the concept of basis phenomena reveals the overcoming of the anthropocentric orientation in Ernst Cassirer’s philosophical system.

Keywords: 

С. 9-20

PROVENANCE OF SYSTEMIC THINKING: THE SYMBOLIC ORGANIZATION OF REALITY

Tishchenko V. I., Kuznetsov A. A.                       DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2026-1-21-32

Abstract. 

The paper is devoted to the study of the symbolic organization of reality within the framework of the concepts of the Vienna school of art studies (late XIX – early XX centuries). The article examines the evolution of the views of A. Hildebrand, A. Warburg, H. Wölfflin and E. Panofsky on art as a system of visual symbols structuring the perception of reality. Special attention is paid to the theory of Warburg’s «pathos formulas» and Panofsky’s iconological analysis, revealing art as a form of cultural and historical worldview. It is shown that the Vienna school has formed a systemic approach to the interpretation of works of art, where form and content are considered in unity as an expression of the deep ideological attitudes of the era.

Keywords: 

С. 21-32

MODERN COSMOMICROPHYSICS IN THE CONTEXT OF RESEARCH PROGRAM METHODOLOGY

Knyazev V. N., Dementyev A. A.                             DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2026-1-33-44

Abstract. 

The article examines modern cosmomicrophysics in the aspect of the methodology of scientific research programs by Imre Lakatos. The analysis is carried out by identifying current contradictions and issues that require philosophical and scientific theoretical understanding. The authors describe a picture of a modern research program in the field of cosmomicrophysics, including a hard core, as well as positive and negative heuristics that make up the protective belt, as stipulated by the Lakatos criteria. Attention is drawn to the fact that modern physics is faced with a number of paradoxes, including long-known and new anomalies. To explain them, universal principles are needed that can systematize cosmological data and strengthen theoretical models.

Keywords: 

С. 33-44

FROM NATIONAL STANDARDS TO INTERNATIONAL COMPETENCIES: CONTRADICTIONS AND SOLUTIONS IN THE TRAINING OF FUTURE BIOLOGISTS

Raupova M. H.                                   DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2026-1-99-113

Abstract. 

This article analyzes the discrepancies between the current national programs for training future biologists in higher education and the competencies promoted by international assessment studies such as PISA and TIMSS. A comparative analysis conducted by the author reveals that national standards are predominantly focused on the acquisition of subject-specific knowledge, whereas international standards demand practical skills such as scientific literacy, creative thinking, and the ability to apply knowledge in non-standard situations. The paper investigates the root causes of these contradictions and develops specific proposals and practical recommendations for overcoming them through the modernization of educational program content based on an integrative approach.

Keywords:

higher education, future biologists, national educational standard, international assessment studies, PISA, TIMSS, competence-based approach, scientific literacy, modernization of educational programs, integrative approach.

С. 99-113 

READING ACTIVITY OF SCHOOL TEACHERS: AN EXPERIENCE OF COMPLEX ANALYSISА

Boguslavskaya T. N., Boguslavsky M. V.,
Machekhina O. N.                                        DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2026-1-114-125

Abstract. 

In the article, the author examines the issue of reading activity of modern teachers, which is a serious problem today, given the further development of «clip consciousness», stimulated by the intensive integration of digital technologies both in society and education. Based on a broad historical and comparative analysis of the genesis and evolution of reading as a socio-cultural phenomenon, tracing its evolution in civilizational centers of development, the authors come to the characteristic of reading activities of teachers, applicable to educational families: Anglo-American, continental, religious, traditional, considering their inherent characteristic features of reading activity of teachers. The authors pay special attention to the Russian situation, where, based on the national monitoring of VTsIOM, they note the high reading activity of Russians in general and, naturally, Russian teachers, who took part as respondents in the collection of the data. Among the problems that the authors identify, as applied to the reading practices of Russian teachers, they single out the devaluation of meaningful intellectual and professional reading, which is actively replaced by a quick search for ready-made answers in the global information space, in particular, with the help of artificial intelligence tools. The authors call the restructuring of modern Russian education in the direction of abandoning the formal copying of foreign models with a rational and effective combination of age-old traditions and innovative technologies a way out of this situation.

Keywords:

teacher, reading, activity, reading activity, meaningful reading, artificial intelligence.

С. 114-125 

ADDITIONAL PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION AS A FACTOR OF HUMAN RESOURCES POTENTIAL DEVELOPMENT

Sudin A. A.                                       DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2026-1-126-139

Abstract. 

In the current conditions of a dynamically changing economic environment and industrial progress, additional professional training is becoming one of the main tools for developing human resources. This article examines the role of additional professional education in professional development and professional retraining of employees, its impact on the adaptation of organizations to new challenges, as well as the prospects for integrating continuing education into corporate culture. In addition, recommendations are offered on the effective use of additional professional education for the development of human resources.

Keywords:

additional professional education, continuing education, professional competence, professional retraining, advanced training, human resources, labor market.

С. 126-139 

COGNITIVE FEATURES OF THE PERCEPTION OF MEANING WHEN READING SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL TEXTS BY STUDENTS OF A TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

Ivanova E. A.                                     DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2026-1-140-154

Abstract. 

The article offers an attempt to understand the mechanisms underlying the comprehension activity when students read special texts in a foreign language. Second-year students of the technological university were divided into control and experimental groups. The experimental group, in turn, was divided into three subgroups, which included students with strong, medium and weak language skills. In addition, all students’ levels and quality of background knowledge, psychological characteristics, and cognitive strategies for processing text information were determined. The students of the control group studied the text material using traditional methods. The experiment consisted of repeated rapid reading of scientific and technical texts with the definition of the volume of extracted meaning and its quality after each stage. The result of the experiment was a «layered» representation of the cognitive processes of meaning acquisition by the recipients. At the same time, it turned out to be impossible to create a single cognitive model of the stages of understanding for all recipients due to significant differences in terms of intentions, motivation and capabilities of students from different subgroups, and within one subgroup – in the background knowledge and individual characteristics. Thus, the most standard mechanisms of meaning formation are described when reading a scientific or technical text by motivated students with strong and average learning ability, good background knowledge, stable psyche and standard information processing strategies.

Keywords:

foreign scientific text, foreign technical text, text interpretation, recipient, meaning extraction.

С. 140-154 

THE CONCEPTUAL MODEL OF CONTENT ANALYSIS OF APPLICANTS' INTRINSIC MOTIVATION IN ENTRANCE ESSAYS

Zhadko N. V.                                  DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2026-1-155-165

Abstract. 

The article discusses the methodological foundations and the sequence of developing a model for assessing the intrinsic motivation of applicants to the master’s program in «Business Pedagogy» at Moscow City University. An analysis of sources revealed that approximately 30% of students in higher education institutions in various countries do not complete their studies. Research confirms that one of the contributing factors is a low level of intrinsic motivation among applicants and students in general. The ability to identify intrinsic motivation at the selection stage can help reduce the number of students dropping out during their studies. Within this work, the author developed and proposed a conceptual model and an assessment method of intrinsic motivation based on analyzing entrance motivational essays of the applicants to the master’s program.

Keywords:

motivational essay, intrinsic motivation, structure of intrinsic motivation, conceptual modeling, conceptual model of intrinsic motivation, content analysis of intrinsic motivation in the texts of entrance essays of master’s applicants.

С. 155-165 

CIRCULAR LAW AS A HISTORICAL AND PEDAGOGICAL PHENOMENON IN GYMNASIUM EDUCATION IN RUSSIA IN THE SECOND HALF
OF THE 19TH CENTURY

Sorokin V. P.                                DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2026-1-166-174

Abstract. 

In the article, on the basis of sources introduced into circulation and practically not used in historical and pedagogical works, characterizing the educational legislation of Russia in the second half of the 19th century at the level of management of the educational district, theoretical ideas about the state educational policy in the period under consideration are clarified. The main tendencies of management structures concerning the modernization of education are shown. It is shown that the normative regulation of education was greatly influenced by national traditions and educational guidelines that matured in the depths of public life and steadily entered the everyday life of Russian society.

Keywords:

circulars, progressive initiatives in the field of education, conservative essence, “circular law”, pedagogical culture.

С. 166-174 

MEDICAL STUDENTS’ ATTITUDES TOWARD THE USE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN MEDICINE: DYNAMICS AND FACTORS

Strelnikov S. S., Ushakova O. M.,
Katkova A. L., Vokhmintsev A. P.                       DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2026-1-175-191

Abstract.  

The relevance of studying medical students’ perceptions of artificial intelligence (AI) stems from AI’s rapid diffusion into everyday life and clinical practice, alongside growing polarization in public and professional debates about its risks and benefits for healthcare. The widespread availability of generative chatbots has led to their routinization in students’ learning and daily activities and measurably shapes the emotional responses of future physicians, calling for a deliberate pedagogical response within medical education. Students’ attitudes reflect the routinization of AI tools (especially chatbots) and a growing, realistic skepticism, while “interest” remains predominant.

Keywords:

С. 175-191

COMPARING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF INDEPENDENT EDUCATION ORGANIZED WITH THE HELP OF THE TRADITIONAL EDUCATION SYSTEM AND ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE TECHNOLOGIES

Xolmurodov B. B.                                     DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2026-1-192-201

Abstract.  

This article analyzes one of the important areas in the modern education system – the issue of increasing the effectiveness of independent learning. In particular, a comparative analysis is conducted between independent learning processes organized using traditional methods and independent learning forms organized using artificial intelligence (AI) technologies. Within the framework of the study, the level of students‘ knowledge acquisition, their activity in the learning process, independent work skills, interest in learning, and time efficiency were selected as the main indicators. Based on the experimental method, the results of two groups of students were compared, and the effectiveness of the educational model organized using AI technologies was proven with specific indicators.

According to the results of the study, independent learning with the help of AI not only helped to automate students‘ educational activities, but also achieved high results through an individual approach, real-time feedback, adaptive learning modules, and personalized learning opportunities. At the same time, the article also examines in detail the advantages and limitations of the traditional system and makes suggestions for developing an integrated model of both approaches. This analytical study deeply illuminates the practical significance of AI technologies in the field of education and can serve as a scientific basis for the formation of future educational strategies.

Keywords:

С. 192-201

THE STRUCTURE OF BASIC ENGINEERING COMPETENCIES, FORMED IN THE FIRST YEAR OF A TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY IN THE STUDY OF NATURAL SCIENCES

Kalacheva A. A., Naletova N. Yu.,
Troitskaya L. M.                                                  DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2026-1-202-214

Abstract.  

The article discusses the structure of the basic engineering competencies that are formed in first-year students of a technical university in the process of studying natural science disciplines (physics, mathematics, and chemistry). A classification of these competencies is proposed, including general engineering, interdisciplinary, subject-special, personal-communicative and reflexive-evaluative categories. The classification under consideration was developed in accordance with the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard, taking into account the specifics of engineering education and provides a holistic approach to the formation of knowledge, skills, abilities and personal qualities necessary for the successful professional activity of future engineers.

Keywords:

С. 202-214

APPLICATION OF THE PRACTICE-ORIENTED TRAINING METHOD IN THE SYSTEM OF FIREFIGHTERS AND RESCUERS TRAINING

Popov S. V., Vagenleytner E. V.,
Fomenko A. V.                                                  DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2026-1-215-230

Abstract.  

To improve the quality of training of personnel of all types of firefighting units at the present stage of development it is necessary to widely use innovative educational technologies. One of the most promising ways of training specialists is considered to be a practice-oriented method of training. The study was conducted in relation to the use of such a method of training firefighters and rescuers on the training range within the framework of additional professional training programs. The purpose of the study was to determine the level of satisfaction of trainees who were trained in practice-based programs for firefighters and rescuers. The research methodology consisted of a survey (questionnaire) of listeners who completed the curriculum of educational programs and further comparative analysis of the results. The study included 167 male respondents aged 23 to 61 years (mean age 39.49 years). According to the results of the study, the satisfaction of trainees with the training process was determined for various aspects of practice-oriented programs: 83.2–88.0% of trainees were fully satisfied, 10.2–16.2% were mostly satisfied, 0–3.6% were partially satisfied, 0–0.6% were not satisfied. The share of trainees who considered the improvement of their qualification after the training as significant was 86.2%, which allowed us to draw the conclusion about the feasibility and further development of the practice-oriented method of training firefighters and rescuers at specialized training ranges.

Keywords:

С. 215-230

STUDY OF PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCIES OF HOSPITAL SCHOOL TEACHERS IN READING LITERACY

Kurikalova N. M., Loskutov A. F.              DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2026-1-231-245

Abstract.  

The issues of reading literacy have determined the key directions in the creation of the educational environment at hospital schools of “We Teach/They Learn” Project. The article describes the results of the empirical research aimed at determining the readiness of hospital school teachers to implement the requirements of the updated edition of the Federal State Educational Standard concerning the formation and development of reading literacy as one of the most significant meta-subject results for continuing education. 266 hospital teachers took part in the study. The data obtained will be used in the professional development programs designed for eliminating the identified deficiencies, improving self-assessment and self-evaluation competencies, and increasing the level of teacher agency.

Keywords:

С. 231-245

CONTINUITY OF PEDAGOGICAL EXPERIENCE OF SPIRITUAL AND MORAL EDUCATION AT THE STAGE OF PRIMARY MILITARY EDUCATION
(based on the example of the Altai Boarding School with Initial Flight Training named after Hero of the Soviet Union K. G. Pavlyukov, Barnaul)

Popova Yu. A.                                DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2026-1-246-259

Abstract.  

This article highlights the relevance of shaping young people’s personalities based on spiritual and moral values in the context of contemporary challenges, which necessitate the education of citizens (including military personnel) who are morally and psychologically prepared to fulfill their duty of defending the state. Particular attention is given to the importance of historical and pedagogical experience in the moral education provided at secondary specialized Air Force schools in the Russian military education system of the 20th century, which underpins the continuity of initial military training for young men during the stage of their professional orientation. The article analyzes the content and focus of spiritual and moral education as a foundation for the personality development of future military professionals of the present day (based on the example of the Altai Boarding School with Initial Flight Training named after Hero of the Soviet Union K. G. Pavlyukov, Barnaul), as well as in historical retrospect (based on the example of the 6th Voronezh Special Air Force School, 1940–1955).

Keywords:

С. 246-259

FIRST-YEAR STUDENTS' IDEAS ABOUT THE PROFESSION IN THE FIELD OF PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PEDAGOGICAL EDUCATION

Sotnikova M. S.                                 DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2026-1-260-272

Abstract.  

The article is devoted to the study of professional perceptions of first-year psychology students. The importance and sensitivity of the initial stage of professionalization of personality is emphasized. The review of academic literature on the research problem is presented. The results of the study of professional perceptions and expectations of future educational psychologists are analyzed, the key qualities and aspects of the profession that attract students are identified. The results of the study showed that internal values and aspiration for self-development prevail over pragmatic motives. The study has practical significance for the improvement of educational programs and the development of psychological service in education.

Keywords:

С. 260-272

TEAMWORK IN THE PROFESSIONAL TRAINING OF FUTURE PROGRAMMERS AND COMPUTER SCIENCE TEACHERS

Apaleeva A. M., Fedchenko G. M.,
Alutina E. F.                                             DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2026-1-273-280

Abstract.  

The article presents the experience of testing a new format of educational organization, which provides for the joint teamwork of future programmers and future computer science teachers on a technological project based on the «Quantorium» pedagogical technopark. The conditions and results of the experimental teamwork are described.

Keywords:

С. 273-280

PRINCIPLES OF USING INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES IN DEVELOPING STUDENTS’ INFORMATION SECURITY COMPETENCIES

Mirzayev T. T.                                                DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2026-1-281-291

Abstract.  

The modern education system requires constant updating of the educational process organizational structure and teaching methods on the basis of a scientific and practical approach. This, in turn, necessitates the integration of innovative approaches into the pedagogical process and the effective use of advanced information and communication technologies in teaching. In particular, the technologies applied for developing students’ information security competencies must meet modern pedagogical requirements. This article explores the theoretical foundations, principles, and methodological directions of applying innovative technologies to the formation of information security competencies.

Keywords:

С. 281-291

ANALYSIS OF VIDEO GAME BLOGS AND THEIR POTENTIAL IN THE EDUCATIONAL CONTEXT

Filonenko E. A.                                             DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2026-1-292-303

Abstract. 

The relevance of the study stems from the fact that video games have become an integral part of modern schoolchildren’s leisure time and have a noticeable impact on their cognitive and emotional development. The article suggests a universal format for the structure of a pedagogical video blog for an in-depth study of the phenomenon of video games as a pedagogical tool.

Keywords:

video game, blog, blogosphere, game-based pedagogy, edutainment, digital technologies, digital educational environment.

С. 292-303