COGNITIVE STYLES AND TYPES OF SCIENTIFIC RATIONALITY: SUPRA-INDIVIDUAL STRUCTURES OF COGNITIVE DISCOURSE

Aminov E. F.                                                 DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2026-3-9-21

Abstract. 

The article analyzes the interdependence of cognitive styles and types of scientific rationality as a hidden structure of cognitive discourse. The author substantiates the thesis that cognitive styles and types of rationality form a system of mutual constitution, where each element simultaneously forms and is limited by the other through mechanisms of normative filtering, operational channels, and evolutionary loops. The study focuses on identifying a typology of supra-individual style complexes that correlate with classic, non-classic, and post-non-classic types of rationality, as well as on analyzing transitional zones where stylistic innovations act as catalysts for the transformation of rational norms. Particular attention is paid to borderline cases – scientific intuition, creative insights, interdisciplinary practices – that reveal the prerequisites for the formation of new epistemic standards.

Keywords: 

С. 9-21

SPECIFICS OF HERMENEUTIC PRACTICES IN THE METHODOLOGY OF SOCIOCULTURAL COGNITION: SUBJECT-OBJECT-SUBJECTIVE FORMULA OF UNDERSTANDING AND HERMENEUTIC REDUCTION

Scoliar Ju. N.                                                 DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2026-3-22-31

Abstract. 

The article explores the socio-cultural aspect of philosophical hermeneutics. Going beyond the epistemological provisions, the principles of hermeneutics act as a significant basis for the study of sociocultural existence, representing from a hermeneutic perspective a system of relations of objectified understandings of subjects of social action. Through the tools and techniques of the hermeneutic approach, the sequence of stages of cognition is explained, understanding is analyzed as a social act underlying any process of objectification, which serves as the basis for studying the ontological foundation of society, understanding its goals, forecasting prospects and the key to healthy social communication. This is ensured by the objectivity and historicity of hermeneutics, its creation of a model of understanding ability, and identification of event consequences of understanding.

Keywords: 

С. 22-31

HEGEL’S DIALECTICS IN THE WORK OF E. S. LINKOV

Klenin P. V.                                               DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2026-3-32-41

Abstract. 

The article analyzes the unique project of reconstructing Hegelian dialectics proposed by the Soviet philosopher E. S. Linkov. Amid the dominance of dogmatized dialectical materialism, which had reduced dialectics to a set of formal laws for external application in philosophy, Linkov’s approach represented a radical alternative. Central to his teaching is the principle of the identity of being and thinking, understood not as a given but as the result of the developing activity of the thinking subject, achieved through the method of ascent from the abstract to the concrete. The article systematizes Linkov’s critique of the key problems inherent in the approaches of Soviet philosophical dogmatism. The specificity of his speculative-logical project is revealed through a comparison with the more socially oriented dialectics of E. V. Ilyenkov. It is concluded that Linkov’s legacy, marginalized during the Soviet period due to its methodological foreignness to the official discourse, represents a rigorous model of philosophy as a science and remains relevant in the context of contemporary debates on the nature of thinking and reality.

Keywords: 

С. 32-41

JUSTICE AS A POLITICAL AND PHILOSOPHICAL CONCEPT IN THE LEGAL CONSCIOUSNESS OF MODERN CHECHNYA YOUTH

Matsaeva M. V., Kurbanova L. U.                    DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2026-3-42-49

Abstract. 

The article aims to conduct a theoretical and philosophical analysis of justice as a key politico-philosophical concept within the legal consciousness of the youth in modern Chechnya. The study focuses on identifying how traditional, religious, and contemporary legal perceptions interact in shaping the ideological and moral foundations of the younger generation. The article demonstrates that Chechen youth perceive justice through the synthesis of Islamic values, customary norms (adat), and principles of modern civil law, forming a hybrid model of legal consciousness. The author argues that justice functions not only as a moral virtue but also as a mechanism of self-regulation balancing individual freedom, social duty, and religious ethics. The findings contribute to a broader understanding of the politico-philosophical essence of justice within the processes of cultural modernization and legal consolidation in post-conflict regions.

Keywords: 

С. 42-49

SYSTEM OF EXTERNAL INTEGRATED ASSESSMENT OF THE RESULTS OF EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES OF SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS

Boguslavsky M. V., Milovanov K. Yu.         DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2026-3-103-115

Abstract. 

The article is devoted to the characterization of the process of integral assessment of educational performance of secondary school students as a leading direction of modern educational policy. The composition of the conceptual and terminological apparatus for assessing the results of educational activities of secondary school students has been clarified. The results of an expert analysis of the scientific and methodological foundations of the system of external assessment of the educational performance of secondary school students at the present stage are presented. The leading trends in the process of creating promising models of integral assessment of educational achievements have been identified. Proposals for the implementation of an integral assessment of the learning outcomes of secondary school students have been formulated.

Keywords:

educational policy, general education system, assessment of students’ learning outcomes, integrated assessment, quality of education.

С. 103-115 

IN SEARCH OF AN AUTHENTIC MODEL: AXIOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS OF PARENTAL ENLIGHTENMENT IN RUSSIAN TRADITION

Turyanskaya O. F., Tokmacheva M. A.              DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2026-3-116-126

Abstract. 

The article is devoted to an axiological comparison of the Western European «Enlightenment» project and the Russian understanding of enlightenment (prosvetitelstvo). The aim is to identify the principles for building an authentic model of parental education in Russia. The methodological basis of the work is the comparative-historical method, conceptual analysis, and the method of synthesis. As a result, three paradigms that had formed in the Russian thought by the mid-19th century are identified: the sacred (patristic), the secular-Western, and the philosophical-anthropological. Based on these, Russian pedagogy (K. D. Ushinsky, S. A. Rachinsky) developed an integral model that overcomes the dichotomy of «Enlightenment vs. morality». Its principles are the synthesis of knowledge and tradition, joint activity, subjectivity of the parent, and continuity. Overcoming the identified «value gap» in contemporary educational practice, where declared traditional values lack support from an adequate cultural foundation, is seen in building an authentic model of parental education. Such a model should be organically developed on the basis of the identified historical principles by integrating a dialogue between science and tradition into the activities of parental communities.

Keywords:

axiology, value-meaning foundations, authentic model, parental enlightenment, Russian pedagogical tradition.

С. 116-126 

RESEARCHER CULTURE: CONTINUITY OF FORMATION FROM SCHOOL TO UNIVERSITY IN MODERN CONDITIONS

Elkina I. M., Kravchenko A. V.,
Pobedonostseva M. G.                                    DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2026-3-127-139

Abstract. 

Abstract. In our study, we present the need for continuity in the development of researcher culture from general to professional (secondary or higher) education. We emphasize that researcher culture itself includes a person’s understanding of values, norms, knowledge, ways of thinking, and skills for interaction and communication during the research process. This includes theoretical knowledge (specific principles and scientific approaches) upon which research is based, as well as a value-based attitude toward the process and results of research, which allows adopting a specific research position, as well as an emotional attitude toward the team in which the research is conducted. Correlating the components of researcher culture with the necessary skills allows us to examine how its development is practically implemented and how continuity is achieved at various levels of education.

Keywords:

researcher culture, continuity in the development of researcher culture, components of researcher culture, dialogue.

С. 127-139 

HISTORICAL EXPERIENCE AND RENOVATION OF MULTICULTURAL EDUCATION IN RUSSIAN PEDAGOGICAL THOUGHT IN THE CONTEXT OF THE YEAR OF NATIONAL UNITY

Shevtsova M. A.                                       DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2026-3-140-154

Abstract. 

The designation of 2026 as the Year of National Unity brings to the fore the task of rethinking pedagogical strategies within the context of cultural diversity and new geopolitical realities. The purpose of this article is to conduct a historical-pedagogical analysis of the evolution of ideas relevant to the modern paradigm of multicultural education, as found in the legacy of Russian educators from the 18th to the 20th centuries. The methodological foundation is a retrospective analysis of theoretical views and practices aimed at managing cultural diversity in the Russian educational space. The study identifies key historical stages and contradictions in the development of corresponding approaches: from the imperial model of enlightenment and the 19th-century concept of narodnost to the Soviet system of international upbringing and the contemporary search for a balance between civic consolidation and ethnocultural pluralism. Based on this analysis, the author proposes a concept for renovating multicultural education, centered on the teacher’s multicultural-mediative competence. This competence is defined as the teacher’s integrative ability to foster an all-Russian civic identity, prevent and mediate intercultural conflicts, and critically counteract destructive informational influences. The article outlines specific vectors for integrating this competence into the teacher education system, including the development of a specialized study module, the application of person-centered developmental and contextual-network technologies, and partnership with the parent community. It is concluded that synthesizing historical experience with responses to modern challenges will transform multicultural education into an effective tool for strengthening civic solidarity and the sociocultural resilience of Russian society.

Keywords:

multicultural education, national unity, historical-pedagogical analysis, multicultural-mediative competence, educational renovation, teacher training, civic identity.

С. 140-154 

MAIN DIRECTIONS OF PEDAGOGICAL EDUCATION OF PARENTS IN THE SECOND HALF OF THE 1940s (BASED ON THE MATERIALS OF UCHITELSKAYA GAZETA)

Goncharov M. A.., Krivko Ia. P.                       DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2026-3-155-166

Abstract. 

The article examines the problem of pedagogical education of parents in the USSR in the second half of the 1940s, emphasizing its importance and state significance. The analysis is based on the USSR pedagogical periodical Uchitelskaya Gazeta, which had a large circulation and stable publication. Historic facts and initiatives aimed at raising parents’ awareness of child-rearing issues are presented. The article highlights the methods and forms of work used in educational institutions and parental communities to improve the quality of education, including the creation of specialized magazines (Family and School), holding parent meetings, and organizing a network of parental lectures. Special attention is given to the role of the Ministry of Education and public organizations in supporting the educational process and coordinating the efforts of families and schools. The article discusses specific measures taken to combat formalism in working with parents, such as individualized approaches and improved conditions for communication between teachers and parents. It emphasizes the importance of establishing a unified direction and methods of education in the family and school, based on the principles of communist morality and parental responsibility towards society.

Keywords:

pedagogical education of parents, Uchitelskaya Gazeta, class parent meetings, parent activists, communist education, labor education, teacher authority.

С. 155-166 

PROGRAM AND METHODOLOGICAL SUPPORT FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PEDAGOGICAL CONCEPT OF FORMING A VALUE-BASED ATTITUDE TOWARDS THE PROFESSION OF FUTURE PHYSICAL EDUCATION TEACHERS

Kondratyev A. V.                                     DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2026-3-167-176

Abstract.  

The article examines the development of a value-based attitude toward the teaching profession of future physical education teachers. It emphasizes that the value-based approach determines sustainable professional development, while program and methodological support serves as a key tool for the systematic and targeted formation of students’ worldviews. The study’s methodological framework is based on a combination of axiological, activity-based, student-centered, and competency-based approaches, each of which reveals a specific aspect of developing a value-based attitude toward the profession. A system of program and methodological support has been developed based on a theoretical analysis. Particular attention is paid to the stages of this system’s implementation: diagnostic-motivational, cognitive-activity-based, practice-oriented, and reflective-evaluative. The article concludes that the proposed program and methodological support represents not simply a collection of educational materials, but a holistic pedagogical system that ensures the step-by-step development of a sustainable value-based attitude toward the profession of a physical education teacher. The implementation of this system contributes to improving the quality of professional training, developing a conscious professional position, and a readiness to fulfill the humanistic mission of teaching. The research prospects lie in the validation and adaptation of its findings within the higher education system.

Keywords:

С. 167-176

TRAINING OF EXPERT TEACHERS IN TECHNOLOGICAL EDUCATION THROUGH THE IMPLEMENTATION OF A PILOT PROJECT FOR THE SPECIALIZED HIGHER EDUCATION PROGRAM “CROSS-CUTTING TECHNOLOGIES IN EDUCATION”

Abdulgalimov G. L., Kosino O. A.                  DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2026-3-177-184

Abstract.  

The article presents an analysis of the experience gained from implementing a pilot project for the specialized higher education program “Cross-cutting Technologies in Education.” The program is designed to train pedagogical staff who possess modern digital (cross-cutting) technologies and are capable of effectively integrating them into the educational process. The study examines the program design features in accordance with the independently established educational standard of Moscow Pedagogical State University (MPGU). Key professional competencies of graduates are identified, and the disciplines that ensure the development of these competencies are described. The results of the program’s first year of implementation are analyzed, factors influencing student academic performance are identified, and measures to adjust the educational process, including an increase in the study duration, are presented.

Keywords:

С. 177-184

DYNAMIC MODEL OF AN INDIVIDUAL EDUCATIONAL ROUTE AS A TOOL FOR DEVELOPING AND COMPENSATING STUDENTS’ TEMPERAMENTAL TRAITS

Gruzinskaya A. S.                                         DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2026-3-185-195

Abstract.  

The article presents a theoretical development of a dynamic model of an individual educational route (IER), aimed at the harmonious personal development of students through the dialectical unity of actualizing their strengths and purposefully overcoming limitations. The model has a two-block structure (“Support” and “Challenge”), based on a synthesis of the provisions of L. S. Vygotsky’s cultural-historical theory, V. S. Merlin’s theory of integral individuality, and V. V. Serikov’s person-centered approach. The “Support” block is focused on creating a situation of success through activities that correspond to the strong temperamental profiles of students (according to V. M. Rusalov’s model). The “Challenge” block is a system of pedagogically organized compensatory tasks in the zone of proximal development, aimed at developing skills of conscious self-regulation and managing individual characteristics. The content of each block for different temperament types is covered in detail, with specific methods, tasks, forms of work, and effectiveness criteria proposed. The result of the model’s implementation is the formation of the key meta-subject skill of conscious self-management of a student.

Keywords:

С. 185-195

PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PEDAGOGICAL FOUNDATIONS FOR DEVELOPING STUDENTS’ ARTISTIC PERCEPTION AND CREATIVE IMAGINATION IN FINE ARTS CLASSES

Polinskaya I. N.                                         DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2026-3-196-208

Abstract.  

The article examines the psychological and pedagogical foundations for developing students’ artistic perception and creative imagination in fine arts classes. The aim of the study is to provide a psychological and pedagogical justification for developing students’ artistic perception and creative imagination in fine arts classes. The primary materials and methods used in the study included the research method, the study and analysis of academic literature, the reproductive method, and the explanatory-illustrative method. The academic novelty lies in the development of new methodological guidelines for developing students’ artistic perception and creative imagination in fine arts classes. The development of artistic perception and creative imagination of schoolchildren during transformative activities is dependent on the harmonious development of all types of artistic and creative cognition and the qualitative level of visual skills in resolving artistic images in compositional depictions. The developed criteria for assessing student work allows for an objective analysis of the pedagogical study. The combination of pedagogical techniques adequately addresses the goals and objectives of the study. The article presents the results of the experimental study.

Keywords:

С. 196-208

ROLE OF UNFINISHED TEXTS IN DEVELOPING RUSSIAN PRODUCTIVE WRITING SKILLS OF CHINESE STUDENTS

Li Zhiwei.                                         DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2026-3-209-221

Abstract.  

The article examines the role of unfinished texts in teaching productive written Russian to Chinese students. It analyzes current challenges in teaching written Russian language in Chinese universities within the framework of Russian as a foreign language (RFL) classes. The methodological potential of unfinished texts is explored as a tool for activating speech-thinking processes and developing writing skills. An integrated teaching model, including preliminary reading, lexical-grammatical exercises, discussion, and written continuation of unfinished texts, is proposed. Examples of two sets of exercises are provided – based on publicistic and literary styles. The study concludes that the use of unfinished texts fosters creative and critical thinking, enhances motivation of Chinese students, reduces writing difficulties, and strengthens intercultural communicative competence.

Keywords:

С. 209-221

PROBLEM-MODULAR TECHNOLOGY AS A DIDACTIC TOOL FOR DEVELOPING PROFESSIONAL AND COMMUNICATIVE SKILLS OF FOREIGN STUDENTS

Bolshakova N. V.                                            DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2026-3-222-232

Abstract.  

The article is devoted to a comprehensive theoretical analysis of problem-modular technology as a didactic tool for developing foreign students’ professional communicative skills. The academic novelty of the article lies in substantiating the integrative role of a professional-communicative problem situation as a meaning-forming core of the module, subordinating the acquisition of linguistic means to solving practical problems of the future specialty. It is proven that this technology ensures the formation of not only linguistic but also socio-cultural and pragmatic components of communicative competence, promoting students’ professional identification. The analysis results confirm that the problem-modular approach overcomes the limitations of traditional methods, transforming the teacher’s role into a facilitator and creating conditions for implicit language acquisition through activity.

Keywords:

С. 222-232

TEACHING INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY TO ORIENTALIST STUDENTS OF JAPANESE: PRACTICAL EXPERIENCE

Nurgaliev I. R.                                                DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2026-3-233-240

Abstract.  

The article presents the experience of teaching the course “Information Technologies in the Work of an Oriental Studies Specialist” for students specializing in Japanese studies. It discusses the integration of digital methods into Oriental studies research and education, analyzing the digital competencies defined by Federal Educational Standards. The course includes work with Russian, international, and Japanese academic databases, digital libraries, cultural and statistical resources, as well as corpus linguistics tools. The author emphasizes the need to adapt the course content to specific Oriental studies profiles and to develop digital skills gradually throughout the entire period of study, highlighting the importance of continuous professional development of instructors.

Keywords:

С. 233-240

IMPACT OF EDUCATIONAL SEMINARS FOR SAMBO SPECIALISTS ON ATHLETES’ SUCCESS IN INTERNATIONAL COMPETITIONS

Maryanyan S. A., Tabakov S. E.                      DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2026-3-241-251

Abstract.  

The article analyzes and presents the results of a study based on four international judge-coach seminars conducted in 2025. The primary objective of the research was to assess the baseline level of professional knowledge among specialists and, based on the findings, develop an international seminar program for their professional development. As part of this comprehensive study, the authors aimed to examine the impact of educational seminars on the competitive success of sambo athletes in international tournaments. The research methodology included statistical analysis using Spearman’s correlation to evaluate the relationship between the specialists’ knowledge levels and the national teams’ performance outcomes. The results demonstrate a statistically significant positive correlation (mean coefficient +0.23) between the specialists’ qualification levels and the number of medals won. Substantial regional variations were identified: the maximum effectiveness of educational programs was observed in the countries with established sambo traditions (Yerevan:  = +0.40), while the impact was less pronounced in developing regions. The study established that specialists’ knowledge accounts for 10–15% of the variation in sports performance, with the remaining 85–90% determined by other factors. The practical significance of this research lies in substantiating the necessity of systematic educational seminars as an integral component of preparing competitive national sambo teams.

Keywords:

С. 241-251

MODERN MODELS AND METHODS FOR TESTING STUDENTS’ COMPUTATIONAL THINKING

Romanov D. A.                                                DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2026-3-252-266

Abstract.  

The purpose of the research is to develop an integrative diagnostic method for computational thinking. The author proposes a model of computational thinking in the form of a tensor product, criteria of its components development, and identifies and characterizes its integrative levels. Research methods included analysis of scientific literature and pedagogical experience (including the author’s personal experience), modeling, qualimetry methods, ascertaining experiment, expert assessment method and sociometric methods. Methodological foundations of the research are the competence approach (considers computational thinking as a target for personal and professional development and as a meta-competence integrating relevant knowledge, skills and personal experience), the systems approach (considers computational thinking as a symbiosis of mathematical thinking and information competence, as well as the relationship of computational thinking with other competencies), the qualimetric approach (proclaims the need for multicriteria testing of computational thinking).

Keywords:

С. 252-266

PEDAGOGICAL BOARD GAMES AS A TOOL FOR ASSESSING A FUTURE TEACHER’S PREPAREDNESS FOR WORKING AS A CLASS TEACHER

Prokhina N. Yu.                                             DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2026-3-267-277

Abstract.  

The paper delves into the importance of adopting a practice-based approach in preparing future teachers for their role as class teacher. It underscores the significance of incorporating board games into the curriculum of pedagogical institutions as a means of realization quasi-professional activity. The author presents her own development of a unique educational board game “Class Teacher’s Workshop”, designed to facilitate the integration of knowledge and skills acquired through the study of “Technology and Organization of Educational Practices (Classroom Management)” discipline.

Keywords:

С. 267-277

DEVELOPMENT OF SPECIFIC MUSICAL-CREATIVE ABILITIES OF YOUNGER SCHOOLCHILDREN WHEN TEACHING SAND ANIMATION IN EXTRACURRICULAR ACTIVITIES

Levchenkov V. V.                                             DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2026-3-278-292

Abstract. 

The article examines the use of sand animation as a means to develop specific musical-creative abilities of primary-school children in extracurricular activities.

Keywords:

specific musical-creative abilities, image-frame-by-frame thinking, spatial-figurative representation, abstract-logical imagination, vision of an artistic music image.

С. 278-292