QUESTIONS OF KNOWLEDGE OR INFORMATION CONCEPT OF THE ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE: PHILOSOPHICAL VIEW ON THE ISSUE

Popova A. V.                                                     DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-2-9-20

Abstract. 

Paying special attention to the conceptual differences between the definitions of “knowledge” and “information”, the author of the article states that the main peculiarity of information is that it is relatively objectified while knowledge is always subjective. Knowledge depends directly on the individual cognitive abilities and, first of all, on the ethical component of the subject who accumulates it basing on the information received. It is concluded that at the present stage of the development of digital technologies, “knowledge” should be used in two main meanings – epistemological and technological. Within the framework of the technological knowledge, information is transformed into relatively formalized knowledge created by a programmer basing on their value preferences and invested by them in the AI knowledge base, which is used to solve a specific task. It is concluded that the formation of genuine knowledge based on the AI that exists today is impossible; however, given the technological progress of the future, the question remains open and requires new research.

Keywords: 

С. 9-20

ETHNOMATHEMATICS: SOCIO-CULTURAL AND PSYCHOLINGUISTIC ASPECTS

Yashin B. L.                                                     DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-2-21-33

Abstract. 

The article reveals the role of socio-cultural and psycholinguistic approaches in confirming the presence of a variety of mathematicians that appear in each culture as a sign system, with their own practices and rules for operating with language signs, which requires the mathematician to be included in a certain language game. The article substantiates the importance of research in the field of ethnomathematics, which indicates that the “first”, “experienced” mathematicians of different cultures differ from each other in the ways of expressing quantitative and relational relations, as well as spatial forms of the real world in the language. It is shown that ethnomathematics defends the idea of the existence of a variety of different-shaped mathematics, which are the product of various cognitive and instrumental practices that are characteristic of a certain social group, a specific culture. The proposal is discussed to consider some of the ideas and results of the concept of “language games” by L. Wittgenstein, which are related to mathematics, as a contribution to the development of the normative concept of mathematics. The importance of the normative approach to mathematics and possible difficulties in its use are noted.

Keywords: 

С. 21-33

EDUCATION AND UPBRINGING OF CHILDREN WITH THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM PATHOLOGY IN THE CONTEXT OF INCLUSION

Turovskaya N. G., Kondratovich A. V.,
Starovoitova V. S., Turovskaya O. D.                  DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-2-34-46

Abstract. 

The article discusses the issue of inclusive education and upbringing of children with pathology of the central nervous system. The author describes features of mental development disorder in children with the cerebral organic pathology in relation to the lesion focus or the functional lag of certain brain structures. The article compares the originality of the development of children with a different picture of the bioelectrical activity of the brain, with the residual cerebral organic pathology and convulsive paroxysms affected by it. The author analyzes criteria for choosing an educational route for a child with the central nervous system pathology, indicates didactic techniques and requirements for teaching a child with the cerebral organic pathology in the context of inclusion. It is emphasized the importance of optimizing the social situation of the development of a sick child with the aim of stabilizing their psycho-emotional state and preventing the formation of secondary neurotic reactions.

Keywords: 

children, pathology of the central nervous system, education and upbringing, inclusion.

С. 34-46

THE COGNITIVE COMPONENT OF ATTITUDES TO HEALTH BY PEOPLE OF DIFFERENT AGES

Ushakova V. R.                                                    DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-2-47-58

Abstract. 

The article presents the results of a comparative analysis of beliefs about health and a healthy lifestyle, as well as the prevailing sources of information about health among adolescents, students and adults. There have been used the following research methods: a survey and a projective method. The predominant sources of information about health, which are trusted by people of different ages, have been identified. The characteristic different and similar points are determined. The most significant and reliable source of information about health is a doctor for all age categories. It has been revealed that adolescents and student youth also prefer to draw information from social networks, mature people – from popular science literature. It has been confirmed that physical activity and healthy eating habits are the predominant beliefs about ways to maintain health for adolescents, physical and mental harmony – for students, and abandoning bad habits – for adults. The indicators of health for adolescents are sociability and cheerfulness, for young people they are happiness and inner harmony, for people of the mature age – external beauty and cheerfulness.

Keywords: 

attitudes towards health, a cognitive component, health beliefs, sources of health information.

С. 47-58

HOSPITAL SCHOOLS IN GREAT BRITAIN AND THE UNITED STATES: EDUCATIONAL GOALS AND INFRASTRUCTURE UNDER CREATION

Adamyan E. I.                                                   DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-2-59-71

Abstract. 

The study examines the hospital schools experience in the UK and the US and consists of two parts. In its first part, published this year in issue No.1 of the given journal, we considered the idea of a pupil of a hospital school, their needs, which are reflected in the legal documents of the two countries. In this article, we focus on the goals of education and upbringing of a child under a long-term care, goal-related mission of hospital schools, the specifics of the educational environment, as well as the infrastructure with which this environment is created.

Keywords: 

children under a long-term care, hospital schools, educational environment, interdepartmental interaction.

С. 59-71

MODERN PRACTICE OF USING THE CATEGORY OF “CONTEXT” IN THE WORK OF PSYCHOLOGISTS, COACHES AND BUSINESS TRAINERS 

Kalashnikov V. G., Danilochkina V. V.                 DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-2-72-83

Abstract. 

The article focuses on the practical application of the category of “context” in the work of psychologists, coaches and business coaches. The purpose of the article is to demonstrate the increasing pragmatic potential of using the “context” category in the work of members of caring professions. There are examples of psychological practices, business training programs and coaching tools, which are based on the concept of “context” and its meaning-forming role, which allows transforming life experience and increasing understanding of events that take place in a person’s life.

Keywords: 

context, the context-oriented approach, practical psychology, nootechnics, coaching, business training, negotiation psychology, conflictology, the semantic psychological context, a metaconcept.

С. 72-83

ADDITIONAL EDUCATION IN A PANDEMIC: CHALLENGES AND SOLUTIONS

Boyarinov D. A.                                                DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-2-84-95

Abstract. 

The article discusses the features of organizing and implementing educational activities amid the pandemic. The views of modern teachers on the positive and negative consequences of the global-scale transition to exclusively distance learning are analyzed. The potential of the system of additional education in relation to overcoming negative consequences is revealed and requirements are formulated for the content of additional educational programs focused on ensuring the quality of education amid the pandemic.

Keywords:

additional education, digital educational platforms, additional educational programs, distance learning, education amid the pandemic.

С. 84-95

INNOVATIVE MODEL OF STATE AND PUBLIC REGULATION OF THE ACTIVITIES
OF AN EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION IN THE FIELD OF ISLAMIC EDUCATION 

Yakovleva A. V.                                               DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-2-96-104

Abstract. 

The article examines managing a modern Islamic educational institution. It is revealed that if the formation of public management structures is a problematic element in the «state-public» relationship in secular educational organizations, the system of Islamic education lacks effective mechanisms of interaction with the state. An innovative model of state and public regulation of the activities of an Islamic educational organization, which is based on the principles of Russian educational management, is suggested.

Keywords:

Islamic education, state and public administration, state, society, confession of faith.

С. 96-104

IMPLEMENTATION OF ACADEMIC STUDENT MOBILITY IN THE UK
AT THE BEGINNING OF THE 21st CENTURY

Boguslavsky M. V., Roslyakova A. A.            DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-2-105-114

Abstract. 

The article presents the specifics of the implementation of academic mobility of students in the UK at the beginning of the 21st century. Cross-border movement of students, that is, international student mobility, is recognized as the most visible form of internationalization in higher education. The UK remains competitive in the global higher education arena and is an attractive option for international students. International students make an invaluable social, cultural and economic contribution to the development of the UK. The UK government has made it clear that universities that aspire to become global institutions will always be open to international students. This has helped realize many of the economic benefits that education exports have brought to the UK. Despite the global pandemic, the UK has made great strides in realizing the goals outlined in the original International Education Strategy.

Keywords:

academic mobility, student experience, immigration process, foreign students, mobile education, International Education Strategy.

С. 105-114

TRADITIONS OF KINSHIP AMONG TUVANS AS A FACTOR OF SPIRITUAL
AND MORAL EDUCATION OF THE INDIVIDUAL

Kuular S. V.                                                 DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-2-115-123

Abstract. 

This article presents a generalized analysis of the study on the features and veneration of kinship relations among the ancient Tuvans as a sacred tradition, which was guided by the spiritual and moral upbringing of children. The observance of consanguineous relations among the ancient Tuvans was considered an unshakable tradition that contributed to the upbringing of a highly moral generation. The results of an empirical study showing the transformation of the traditions of kinship relations among modern Tuvans are presented. The author adheres to the ethno-pedagogical concept of spiritual and moral education of the individual, in which national traditions and customs play a leading role. Based on the theoretical analysis of historical, pedagogical sources and her own empirical research, the author actualizes the problem of preserving the folk traditions of raising children among Tuvans, reveals their moral character.

Keywords:

spiritual and moral education, a Tuvan family, family traditions of upbringing, globalization and modernization, kinship relations.

С. 115-123

THE DOMINANT ROLE OF THE KOMSOMOL IN YOUTH OUTREACH
IN THE SOVIET UNION

Nikiforenkova A. M.                                   DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-2-124-134

Abstract. 

The article examines the role of the All-Union Leninist Young Communist League in educational outreach in the Soviet Union, the process of forming its structure, the transformation of priority areas of activity and organization’s problems in various times.

Keywords:

Komsomol, All-Union Leninist Young Communist League, outreach, the young, student associations, youth movement, youth policy.

С. 124-134

ASSESSMENT OF THE COMPETENCIES OF PRE-SERVCE SPECIALISTS IN PHYSICAL CULTURE AND SPORTS IN THE FURTHER EDUCATION SYSTEM

Artemova M. A.                                               DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-2-135-140

Abstract.  

To date, institutions of further education face the task of training a competitive specialist with a set of competencies that meet the requirements of the labor market. The measurability of competencies as a subject of learning outcomes control is currently of the highest difficulty both in theoretical and practical terms. The article discusses the mechanisms and stages of assessing the general and professional competencies of pre-service specialists in physical culture and sports in the system of further education. The example of dividing the competencies into elements and the corresponding descriptors of their assessment are given. The article presents the requirements for the assessment funds, the procedure for assessing general and professional competencies. The article also considers the assessment of the competencies based on the results of mastering the training cycles of the curriculum according to the data of the accumulative system and the assessment based on the results of specially organized tests.

Keywords:

С. 135-140

ACADEMIC PERFECTIONISM OF UNIVERSITY STUDENTS IN ONLINE ENGLISH LEARNING 

Filyasova Yu. A.                                            DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-2-141-155

Abstract.  

This paper aims to study forms and causes of academic perfectionism in the context of distance learning on the material of a student survey on the benefits and drawbacks of learning the English language in an online group setting. Methods of research included opinion categorization, content-analysis and quantitative calculation. The results of opinion analysis showed that distance leaning of English creates conditions for developing academic perfectionism, which is expressed through generation of personal intentions to significantly enhance one’s language skills. However, under the conditions of social distance and mediated communication, social interactions become distorted, personal mindset changes, academic motivation decreases, the correlation between the social and individual “I” is modified, the social component in the personal structure is reduced. Academic perfectionism acquires negative signs of procrastination, criticism, lowered performance efficiency, and increased role of a rigid individual personal construct. The intensity of foreign communicative competence development plummets in the distance learning context in comparison with face-to-face training in a group setting due to the lack of organizational and methodological instructions from the teacher’s behalf, time-limits, increased amount of written tasks, limited spoken communication, lowered student involvement in the lesson activity. Learning English as a foreign language implies interactive student work, social roles assumption, and solving communicative tasks during active communication. The most vulnerable aspect of the language activity is speaking, which is only possible through interactive communication; however, it becomes less efficient in distance learning owing to the lack of non-verbal behavior observation and knowledge of social and psychological state of communicants. The online education organization was rather complicated due to problems with the individual technical equipment, an insufficient amount of time for each student, difference in digital levels of students and instructors as program users, mediated communication, psychological distancing and conventionality of social interaction in virtual reality.

Keywords:

С. 141-155

TEACHING ACTIVITY IN THE POST-EPIDEMIC PERIOD: EXPERIENCE AND SOLUTIONS IN THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA

Zanina L. V., Li Nannan.                          DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-2-156-170

Abstract.  

The article analyzes the issue of improving the professional competence of teachers in the People’s Republic of China on the basis of the results of studies of various categories of citizens and teachers during the epidemic and post-epidemic periods. The socio-cultural and socio-political conditions that determine the changes in the characteristics of the professional competence of teachers are noted. The aim is to describe the content and technological characteristics of the teacher’s activity in the context of the digitalization of teaching in Chinese basic schools. A review of scientific research is conducted to reveal the characteristics of the attitude of teachers, parents and students to the introduction of online education in connection with the outbreak of the epidemic. The factors influencing the implementation of innovative processes in education in the post-epidemic period are determined. The methodological basis of the study is the provisions of the cultural-historical approach. They emphasize the value of education and the position of teachers in the development and formation of the Chinese statehood. The authors describe the “smart class” and “deep education” technologies that are innovative for China. The scientific novelty lies in presenting the experience of Chinese basic schools in improving the qualifications of teachers in the context of implementing the state program “Internet + Education”; the article also presents the requirements for the professional competence of teachers who implement the state program for modernization of education.

Keywords:

С. 156-170

TOOLKIT AND DIAGNOSTIC ASSESSMENT OF ADOLESCENT NUTRITION CULTURE AS A BASIC COMPONENT OF THEIR LIFESTYLE

Kolikova E. G., Shibkova D. Z.                      DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-2-171-182

Abstract.  

The article presents the results of a study on food culture and eating behavior of adolescents: the observance of diet and dietary intake, food preferences and restrictions, the quality of food consumed. The authors compared the results of surveying students and their parents in order to identify the causes of eating disorders of students. The article makes a comparative analysis of the eating habits of different groups of respondents, separated according to gender and place of residence. The conclusion of the article suggests the way to solve the problem through implementing interdisciplinary links and synthesis of cognitive and transformative activities.

Keywords:

С. 171-182

PEDAGOGICAL SUPPORT OF HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS WHEN CHOOSING
THE FUTURE PROFESSION

Nazarova A. S., Vishnyakova E. I.,
Barinova S. G.                                               DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-2-183-189

Abstract.  

The article analyzes the system of career guidance in different countries of the world. The authors rise the following relevant questions: why nowadays it is important and necessary to provide the schoolchildren with the pedagogical support during career counseling, and what modern advances and approaches will help young people choose the profession of the future.

Keywords:

С. 183-189

FORMING THE PEDAGOGICAL COMMUNICATIVE COMPETENCE OF PRE-SERVICE TEACHERS AT THE PRE-UNIVERSITY STAGE OF TRAINING IN THE PROCESS OF PROJECT MANAGEMENT

Rudakova E. A., Leifa A. V.                          DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-2-190-200

Abstract.  

The present article discusses the process of forming the pedagogical communicative competence of pre-service teachers studying through implementing the project management into the teaching and educational process of the lyceum under a pedagogical university. The article reveals the topicality of applying the project management method in the teaching and educational environment of the lyceum under a pedagogical university. It also considers types of projects and the features of their implementation in practice in order to form the basic communicative and pedagogical skills of future teachers. The article presents the stages of work on each of the projects and the results of their application, taking into account the psychological and age characteristics of high school students from the position of their formation as future teachers.

Keywords:

С. 190-200

REALIZING THE INFORMATION APPROACH TO THE ORGANIZATION OF CAREER GUIDANCE ACTIVITIES IN THE PROPAEDEUTIC COURSE OF PHYSICS

Begasheva I. S.                                               DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-2-201-209

Abstract.  

The article deals with an important to-date issue of the vocational guidance of secondary school students. According to numerous surveys and studies, the secondary school students have almost no knowledge about the real needs and existing demand in the labor market. This is followed by a random choice of profession, which entails wasting energy with unclear results, which further leads to unnecessary loss of time and deterioration of the student’s self-esteem. Considerable attention in the article is paid to the realization of the information approach to organizing the career guidance activities in the propaedeutic course of physics in grades 5–6. The practical significance of the article lies in the fact that it considers the creation of a virtual career guidance excursion to acquaint students with reliable information about modern professions, educational institutions and organizations that provide jobs, the needs of the modern labor market.

Keywords:

С. 201-209

COMPONENTS OF STUDENT MOTIVATION DEVELOPMENT TO PHYSICAL EDUCATION CLASSES IN DISTANCE LEARNING

Tsyganenko O. S., Markova O. A.,
Velichko T. I., Smirnov A. G.                        DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-2-210-215

Abstract.  

The authors of the article attempt to generalize the experience of the faculty members of the Department of «Physical Culture and Sports» of Bauman Moscow State Technical University in the context of transition to distance learning, during the quarantine measures introduced during the pandemic of coronavirus infection caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The results of the study are presented, on the basis of which recommendations are given to university lecturers on the purposeful development of motivation in the educational and training activities of students under the lockdown conditions. The mutual influence of motivation on the results of online learning is proved. The gender features when forming the students’ motivational components are revealed. Possible promising areas of cooperation with students in educational and training activities in the format of distance learning are presented. The main features of the organization of distance learning and the prospect of introducing distance technologies into the educational process of physical education of students at the present stage are described. This study data should be considered for the successful implementation of the professional and applied training in physical education of students of technical universities.

Keywords:

С. 210-215

PARAMETERS OF STUDENTS’ INDEPENDENT WORK AS THE CRITERIA FOR DETECTING THE INFORMATION AND EDUCATIONAL ENVIRONMENT

Shaposhnikova T. L., Tedoradze T. G.,
Vyazankova V. V.                                              DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-2-216-226

Abstract.  

The article considers the relationship between the parameters of independent work of students and the characteristics of the university information and educational environment. The authors have substantiated that the parameters reflecting the independent work of students characterize, first of all, such aspects of the information and educational environment as its modality, breadth, intensity, dominance, coherence, safety and effectiveness, which is due to the fact that the factors of success of independent work are the same as the educational process as a whole. The theoretical significance of the results of this study is that they can be the basis for further scientific understanding of the issue of the effectiveness of independent work of students; the practical significance is that they can be used in systems of socio-pedagogical monitoring (monitoring the quality of education and the effectiveness of the educational environment).

Keywords:

С. 216-226

ELECTRONIC LABORATORY RECORDS ON INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
IN LMS MOODLE SYSTEM

Artemkina Yu. M., Shcherbakov V. V.,
Artemkina I. M.                                             DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-2-227-241

Abstract.  

In the distance learning system LMS Moodle, an electronic laboratory records system for the discipline “General and Inorganic Chemistry” has been developed and tested in the educational process, which is aimed at first-year undergraduate and specialty students of the Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology. The electronic laboratory records include the performance of 11 laboratory works on the chemistry of elements and their compounds by students in the assessment model. The LMS Moodle system also contains a bank of 654 questions for the protection of laboratory works.

Keywords:

С. 227-241

STUDYING PSYCHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF THE PERSONALITY OF A CADET
OF EDUCATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS OF THE FEDERAL PENITENTIARY SERVICE
OF RUSSIA IN THE CONDITIONS OF A PANDEMIC: PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS

Paulkina D. P.                                              DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-2-242-250

Abstract.  

The article discusses the features of distance learning during the COVID-19 pandemic, notes the positive and negative aspects of the distance learning. The analysis of the scientific problems that researchers faced when working with cadets of law enforcement agencies during the COVID-19 pandemic was carried out. Special attention is paid to the organization of the educational process of cadets of educational organizations of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia. The problems of using some diagnostic methods in Google Forms are revealed, an example of studying the individual characteristics of a cadet’s personality using the Test of «Life Orientations» by D. A. Leontiev in Google Forms is given. In conclusion, the importance of working towards improving the methods and techniques of working with cadets in a remote format using Google Forms is noted.

Keywords:

С. 242-250

ANALYSIS OF FACTORS OF FORMING THE ORGANIZATIONAL AND MANAGERIAL COMPETENCE IN MILITARY PERSONNEL

Nuyftin E. V.                                             DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-2-251-261

Abstract.  

The article analyzes the requirements for the level of vocational education, the state order to form the organizational and managerial competence of military personnel. The relevance of the study is revealed through the characterization of the professionalism of military personnel and officers especially, their overcoming difficulties in adaptation and qualitative implementation of managerial activities. The importance of these requirements is reflected in the federal state educational standards of higher education and departmental qualification requirements for graduates of military institutions. The research on the qualitative development of the organizational and managerial competence focuses on its determining factors. The identified factors make it possible to adjust the process of educational activity, directing it to the use of individual design tools. The article reveals the scientific works of scientists and teachers that aim to investigate the causes and conditions of forming the organizational and managerial competence. Based on the analysis of psychological and pedagogical literature, guidance documents, and reports, the author substantiates the developed classification of factors, highlighting internal and external ones. The study reflects the reasoned content of the proposed classification of the competence formation factors. The internal factors include psychological characteristics, cognitive-reflexive abilities and leadership qualities. The external factors include a political and economic factor, an educational factor, environment and spiritual and moral values. These factors contribute to the selection of high-quality means of the competence formation.

Keywords:

С. 251-261

TEAChING ENGLISH WITH THE HELP OF THE “MOODLE” ON-LINE SERVICE
(MOBILE APPLICATION) IN A MEDICAL SCHOOL

Sharipova F. I.                                         DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-2-262-274

Abstract.  

The article provides a scientific rationale for the possibility of using the online service Moodle (mobile version) in English classes at medical schools. The author investigates the possibility of using mobile learning when teaching English in medical schools. Lecturers of the «Foreign languages» department and students of the «Pediatrics» faculty of Tashkent Pediatric Medical Institute took part in the study. The research tools were reviews and focus group discussions of students’ work and interviews with lecturers. The thematic analysis of the interviews showed that the lecturers were using Moodle as a way to minimize distance learning, to compensate students’ absences due to the COVID-19 pandemic, to increase professional learning of English, and to increase motivation of underachieving students. Focus group discussions, case studies, and reviews of students’ work on the Moodle online service showed that students found this way of learning easy, interesting, and useful. According to the results, students’ online or offline participation does not affect their performance and grades, except for the question about the appropriateness of the method, while their motivation and professional interest affect their grades; at the same time the opinion of advanced students outweighs the opinion of basic students about the MOODLE online service.

Keywords:

С. 262-274

EUROPEAN CONSERVATISM AND NATURE STUDY: “FAUSTIAN” IDENTITY

Tagirov Ph. V.                                                 DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-1-9-22

Abstract. 

The stability and definiteness of one’s identity in the “liquid modernity” cannot be fully achieved by appealing exclusively to one or another form of social community and requires searching for deeper, anthropological foundations. Such anthropological foundations imply the correlation of a person with nature and, as a consequence, a certain understanding of it. Nature is not defined primarily as an external object for the human user, but acts as a unity, into which the man is organically included, or is sanctified and sacralized as part of the cosmos, or even viewed together with the man as a projection of a transcendent metaphysical order. The article deals with various approaches to understanding and cognition of nature, proposed by representatives of conservative thought in continental Europe in the XX – early XXI centuries. The article examines the question of the relationship between ecological practice and the anthropological foundations of the human worldview, the traditional conservative vision of the human order as organic, the historical role of the Christian attitude to nature from the point of view of conservative thinkers, and, finally, Spengler’s understanding of the connection between Western nature study and the «Faustian» European soul. The theoretical basis of this study is the works by O. Spengler, E. Jünger, M. Eliade, A. Mohler, C. Schmitt, H. Freyer, A. de Benoist, G. K. Kaltenbrunner, A. M. Rutkevich, S. V. Artamoshin and others. The study is based on the principles of discourse analysis, comparative, socio-philosophical, philosophical-historical and historical-philosophical methodology.

Keywords: 

С. 9-22

PROBLEM METHOD IN IMPLEMENTING A CRITICAL THINKING PROJECT

Sukhanova N. P.                                             DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-1-23-30

Abstract. 

The developing educational project “Logic and Critical Thinking”, in relation to which the search for its subject area continues, is considered in order to analyze the results of the practice of implementing the problem method. Teaching critical thinking with a focus on the problem-activity paradigm of knowledge translation presupposes the cultivation of the research education. Attention is focused on the issues of personal search and students’ own achievement, overcoming the constraining influence of authority. The mechanisms of activation of independent thinking, the resolution of emerging difficulties, which develop into the experience of reflection and self-reflection, are analyzed. The program for the development of logical and critical thinking skills in combination with the problem method creates conditions for the systematic perception of educational practices by students. The conclusion is drawn about the practical importance of logic in the system of modern education and the need for further study of a logical-oriented program of critical thinking.

Keywords: 

С. 23-30

PHILOSOPHY AS AN INTEGRAL TOOL FOR DEVELOPMENT OF CREATIVE THINKING

Shimelfenig O. V.                                             DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-1-31-42

Abstract. 

The work shows the leading role of philosophy, first of all, the plot-gaming paradigm for forming always up-to-date competencies: the ability to solve complex tasks; critical thinking; creativity; people management; coordination skills, interaction; emotional intelligence; judgment and decision-making; cognitive flexibility. The plot-gaming methods allow one to integrate into a single training complex a variety of creative technologies, including modern theory of solving inventive tasks. Five specific tasks are considered, on the example of the solution of which a comprehensive plot-gaming strategy of training is demonstrated.

Keywords: 

С. 31-42

PRE-COMPREHENSION OF THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD IN “MENO”: TOPICAL INTERPRETATIONS

Shurunov K. M.                                             DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-1-43-50

Abstract. 

The article examines certain aspects of the historical relationship between the scientific method and mysticism. In order to do that, the scientific method is defined as a combination of the reductionism and the formulation of border conditions. The origins of the scientific method are traced to Plato’s “Meno”. Then the article tackles the modern discussion on the topic of reductionism. The modern science, like Plato, concludes that cataphatic definitions outside of the scientific method are impossible. The question arises: is it possible to create a unified description of nature without any mystical definitions? In conclusion, the article argues that a consistent application of reductionism in an attempt to exclude any mysticism can lead to the mysticism of a different level.

Keywords: 

С. 43-50

HOSPITAL SCHOOLS IN THE NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL SYSTEMS OF GREAT BRITAIN AND THE USA: INTRODUCING A STUDENT

Adamyan E. I.                                                  DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-1-51-59

Abstract. 

The article deals with the organization of education for children who are in a long-term medical care under the educational systems of Great Britain and the USA. The study consists of two parts. The present paper is the first part of the research, in which we consider the ideas about the pupil of the hospital school and their needs, reflected in the legal normative documents of the two countries.

Keywords: 

children with medical needs, hospital school, special educational needs of a pupil, school reintegration.

С. 51-59

FACTORIAL ASSESSMENT OF THE DYNAMICS OF COGNITIVE FUNCTIONING IN PATIENTS WITH CORONARY HEART DISEASE DURING THE YEAR AFTER CORONARY ARTERY BYPASS GRAFTING

Eremina D. A., Gorbunov I. A.,
Shchelkova O. Yu.                                                 DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-1-60-75

Abstract. 

High-tech operations on the heart vessels are associated with the risk of both operational and postoperative complications, in particular, cognitive impairments. In this regard, it is extremely important to develop diagnostic measures aimed at assessing the postoperative cognitive status of patients at the earliest possible stages of treatment and rehabilitation. The aim of the study is to investigate factors potentially significant for a one-year prognosis of the state of the cognitive sphere of patients, including the clinical features of the underlying disease and the specifics of the operation, individual psychological and emotional-personal characteristics of patients, as well as indicators of cognitive functioning. 118 patients were studied; the average age was 59.86 ± 7.31 years. The study was carried out in five stages during the year after the operation using the clinico-psychological method and a set of 10 psychodiagnostic techniques. A system of factors has been developed and described that allows predicting the state of the patient’s cognitive sphere on any day within a year after the operation. A computer program for predicting the state of the cognitive sphere of patients after cardiac surgery (called «CognPrediction») has been developed and patented (certificate of state registration of a computer program No. 2019618523).

Keywords: 

cognitive functioning, coronary artery bypass grafting, coronary heart disease, psychosocial characteristics; clinical characteristics, emotional condition, anxiety.

С. 60-75

SEMANTIC PSYCHOLOGICAL CONTEXT: AN ATTEMPT TO CONCEPTUALIZE AND OPERATIONALIZE THE CONCEPT ON THE MATERIAL OF NEGOTIATION

Danilochkina V. V.                                       DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-1-76-84

Abstract. 

The article attempts to conceptualize and operationalize the concept of «semantic psychological context», which is considered as an independent subject of research, mediating the success or failure of the activities of participants in short-term business negotiations. Methods for measuring the breadth of the semantic psychological context, tested on empirical research, are proposed. Based on the definition of the psychological context by A. A. Verbitsky, the content of the semantic psychological context of the activity of the participants in the negotiations is given, which includes a system of such individual psychological characteristics as emotional intelligence, values, the level of reflexivity and negotiation orientation. The breadth of the context is shown to be a relative indicator that requires comparison with the initial state or the state of the context of another subject of joint activity.

Keywords: 

the “context” category, the semantic psychological context, breadth of context, operationalization, negotiations, short-term business negotiations.

С. 76-84

PLANNING AND CONDUCTING DEVELOPMENTAL ACTIVITIES WITH PRESCHOOL CHILDREN: REFLECTION ON THE EXPERIENCE OF STUDENTS TRAINING

Trifonova E. V.                                             DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-1-85-97

Abstract. 

For a long time, the structure of the school lesson was the model of lessons with preschool children. With attempts to implement this particular model, students from teacher training universities begin to master the principles of organizing educational work with preschoolers. However, the modern standard of preschool education and its methodological support set a different principle for organizing educational work, based on the main provisions of Cultural-Historical Psychology and Activity Theory. The new content should be mastered by students of pedagogical universities, but the usual stereotypical attitudes greatly inhibit the process of appropriating new content. In the first article on this topic, we revealed the basic principles of organizing developmental classes with preschoolers, and here, in the second article, the difficulties of developing and conducting such classes by students are analyzed.

Keywords: 

preschool education, classes in preschool educational institutions, developmental activities with preschool children, activity-based approach in education, Federal State Educational Standard of Preschool Education, pedagogical practice of students.

С. 85-97

DEVELOPING SKILLS OF CRITERIA-BASED SELF-ASSESSMENT OF TASK 39 OF THE UNIFIED STATE EXAM IN ENGLISH

Bogdanova S. Yu., Bozhko K. O.                        DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-1-98-109

Abstract. 

A task of utmost importance for contemporary schools, especially when preparing for the Unified State Exam, is to increase the students’ independent study. It is impossible to fulfil this task if the learner lacks self-assessment skills to evaluate their own educational activity, and, consequently, lacks adequate self-esteem. We base on the self-assessment of the USE training task to write a personal letter (Task 39). A special course “Write & Check” was designed for the experiment and it proved to be effective. During the course the pupils simultaneously (1) were taught to write a personal letter checking it with the help of a special blank with 20 criteria, and (2) had their self-esteem modified by means of psychological methods. After the formative experiment being carried out, certain reliable, statistically significant differences between the control and the experimental groups were revealed. The results of the written task and self-assessment in the experimental group improved significantly, while in the control group the change was minor. The level of pupils’ psychological self-esteem became consistently adequate. The experiment proves the subject-related self-assessment skills formation to be effective if based of the students’ psychological self-esteem correction.

Keywords: 

criteria-based self-assessment, psychological self-esteem, critical thinking, psychological and pedagogical experiment, Unified State Exam.

С. 98-109

INDIVIDUAL FEATURES OF THE THINKING ACTIVITY OF YOUNGER SCHOOLCHILDREN IN THE PROCESS OF UNDERSTANDING THE EDUCATIONAL MATERIAL

Shadurko O. V.                                               DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-1-110-122

Abstract. 

The article examines such a topical problem as the study of the individual characteristics of the mental activity of younger schoolchildren in the process of understanding the educational material. Understanding acts as a subject of study in the following humanities: psychology, philosophy, logic, pedagogy, cultural studies, sociology, and hermeneutics. The author found that understanding manifests itself as the creation of a sensory image, getting used to a new idea, explanation, the ability to express thoughts, knowledge in a natural language, finding a common plan, isolating the private, overcoming the paradox, answering a question, analyzing the situation “what could have been, if... ”, the level of mastery of meanings, interpreting the text and what has been read, comprehension of an act or judgment of another person. The object of the research is to study understanding as a mental cognitive process. The subject of the research is the peculiarities of the mental activity of younger schoolchildren in the process of understanding the educational material. The provisions, generalizations, formulations and conclusions contained in the work allow a more in-depth analysis of the modern potential of using the experience of primary school teachers in the use of methods for developing understanding of educational material in children of primary school age.

Keywords: 

a cognitive process, understanding, the primary school age, thinking, educational material, individual characteristics of primary schoolchildren, a learning process.

С. 110-122

PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF LANGUAGE ANXIETY AND STRATEGIES FOR ITS REDUCTION WHEN TEACHING FOREIGN LANGUAGES TO JUNIOR STUDENTS

Shurygina O. V., Sorokoumova G. V.,
Burova I. V.                                                    DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-1-123-129

Abstract. 

This article deals with the study of junior students’ foreign language anxiety as the most important problem in the learning process. The forms and factors leading to the foreign language anxiety in junior students are considered. The authors underline the importance of developing and implementing of specific strategies aimed to reducing the foreign language anxiety in students. The results of the research, which prove the efficiency of anxiety-reducing strategies, are presented in the article.

Keywords: 

language anxiety, students, teachers, a foreign language, strategies, motivation, high requirements, assessment.

С. 123-129

BASIC PRINCIPLES OF ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION FROM THE POSITON OF THE INNOVATIVE EDUCATIONAL PARADIGM

Vishnyakov S. A., Gutorova D. G.                       DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-1-130-137

Abstract. 

The article describes the goals and objectives of introducing an innovative educational paradigm, which aims to form a creative individual with their information competency. The article also considers the concept of approach in Pedagogy, the phenomenon of the environmental approach as an innovative one, compares and analyzes various principles of environmental education and concludes that the concepts that specify the environmental approach should be unified.

Keywords:

innovation, innovative educational paradigm, approach to learning, training principle, environmental approach, environmental education.

С. 130-137

MORALITY AND JUVENILE DELINQUENCY: THEORETICAL AND APPLIED SUBSTANTIATION OF THE RELATIONSHIP

Kolesov V. I., Kuznetsova I. A.                       DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-1-138-145

Abstract. 

The article deals with theoretical and applied issues of the formation of moral stability of adolescents, including those who are maladapted and are in the criminal justice system. The problem of juvenile delinquency is still acute at the present time. Maladapted adolescents, generated by distorted principles of upbringing in the family, shortcomings on the part of the education system, do not have a clearly formed value-normative complex and face certain difficulties when adapting to society, which requires the development of a system to form their moral stability.

Keywords:

teenager, personality, education, upbringing, maladaptation, criminality, moral stability, values.

С. 138-145

TOOLS FOR REVEALING AND DIFFERENTIATION OF SOCIAL REQUESTS FOR PROFESSIONAL AND PERSONAL QUALITIES OF PRESCHOOL EDUCATION TEACHERS IN CONDITIONS OF GLOBAL DIGITALIZATION

Izotova E. I., Avdulova T. P., Paramonova M. Yu.,
Sorokina O. A., Surudina E. A.                        DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-1-146-162

Abstract. 

The article substantiates the need to expand diagnostic tools to identify the social requests of the professional community for mediacompetencies and personal qualities of a modern preschool teacher. The authors present a description of the developed multifactorial questionnaire «Personal and professional qualities of a modern teacher of preschool education: perceptions and deficits» and its descriptive statistics. The text provides data on the internal consistency of the copyright questionnaire (calculation of measures of central tendency and variability, measures of the form of distribution) and the results of its testing on a sample of preschool teachers (N1 = 3962). The optimal model for using the scales of the questionnaire for solving applied problems, in particular, for constructing competence matrices and individual professionalization strategies, has been determined.

Keywords:

social request, teacher’s media competencies, digitalization, multifactorial questionnaire, standardization of a diagnostic tool.

С. 146-162

IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PROJECT “SCHOOL YOU CAN TRUST” IN MOSCOW REGION

Boguslavsky M. V., Kim S. V.,
Filatova A. V., Lugov I. A.                                DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-1-163-170

Abstract. 

The article discusses the results of monitoring of the implementation of the first stage of the regional project “Schools you can trust” in 2021. The Project has been carried out in Moscow region since 2020. The problems of the Project implementation in schools are being analyzed, recommendations are proposed for eliminating risk factors for achieving the planned results by schools participating in the Project.

Keywords:

schools with low academic results, functioning in difficult social conditions, schools you can trust, regulatory documents of the Project.

С. 163-170

MODERN APPROACHES TO THE CONCEPT OF DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION OF EDUCATION

Korchak K. I., Krasilnikov V. V.,
Toiskin V. S.                                                    DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-1-171-183

Abstract. 

Modern society is on the threshold of the fourth industrial revolution – industrial and technological restructuring, the engine of which is the achievements of the mankind in the field of information technologies. The ongoing adaptation of the spheres of human activity to fundamentally new technological conditions allows us to speak about the need for transformation of education as a system that ensures the formation of human capital. The lack of a unified position on the principles of the development of education in accordance with modern challenges is an extremely urgent problem of modern pedagogy. The purpose of this study is to establish the principles and essence of the digital transformation of education on the basis of modern scientific approaches and theories. The scientific novelty lies in the formation of a new view on the process of digital transformation of the educational system as a revolutionary transformation of a key social institution through the mutual adaptation of technologies and pedagogical tools. In the course of the study, the potential of the synergetic approach as a fundamental principle of the new educational system is considered. The result of the study is the identification of the digital transformation of education as a purposeful, controlled process of qualitative transformation of the educational system through the mutual adaptation of information technologies, didactics and teaching methods in order to increase the effectiveness of this process.

Keywords:

transformation of education, digital transformation, digital transformation of education, the fourth industrial revolution, educational system, competencies of the XXIst century, industry 4.0, synergetic approach.

С. 171-183

ON THE HISTORY OF UNIVERSITY PEDAGOGICAL EDUCATION IN RUSSIA 

Lubkov A. V., Litvinova I. V.,
Goncharov M. A.                                              DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-1-184-195

Abstract. 

The article examines the history of the development of university pedagogical education in the pre-revolutionary period. The role and interaction of state and public forces, as well as the activities of Moscow higher women’s courses in the development of higher education and domestic pedagogical education are determined. Special attention is paid to the aspect of the role of personality in history.

Keywords:

university, pedagogical education, state policy, teacher, value culture, private and public initiative, science, education, Moscow Higher Courses for Women, a female teacher.

С. 184-195

MOBILIZING CHILDREN: YOUTH AND THE PATRIOTIC WAR CULTURE

Neumann M.                                                   DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-1-196-209

Abstract. 

The article discusses the complex interaction between national mobilization during World War I and children, living in Kyiv as a border region of the Russian Empire, which was affected by the war one of the first. The article addresses the following questions: Is there a relationship between age and the reaction of children to the very beginning of hostilities? How did the children themselves form the nascent military culture? Considering these issues, attention is focused on the role of children, their experiences in the rear during the war.

Keywords:

World War I, military culture, children and adolescents, military mobilization, patriotism, children’s experience of war.

С. 196-209

ON THE HISTORY OF “Y. G. GUREVICH GYMNASIUM AND REALSCHULE” 

Romanenchuk K. V.                                          DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-1-210-220

Abstract. 

This article investigates «Y. G. Gurevich gymnasium and realschule»’s records of teaching staff employment, progress and results of annual exams in the non-classical secondary school and maturity tests results in the gymnasium. It summarizes statistics from previously unknown archive records about graduates of Y. G. Gurevich educational institution of 1900, 1901, 1903. On the example of the “Y. G. Gurevich gymnasium and realschule”, the article reveals features of business relationship between the owner and headteacher of the private school and the trustee of the educational district.

Keywords:

Y. G. Gurevich gymnasium and realschule, I. F. Stravynsky, maturity test, final exams, educational district trustee.

С. 210-220

METHODS OF TEACHING BILINGUAL CHILDREN BY MEANS OF EDUCATION THROUGH PLAY TECHNIQUES

Bryantseva M. V., Murzakova O. G.                      DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-1-221-235

Abstract.  

The article reveals possibilities of using education through play techniques when teaching the Russian language and foreign (English) language to primary school students as a tool to study the grammar of languages and to develop bilingualism. In the course of the pedagogical experiment, we analyzed education through play techniques to study grammar of the Russian and foreign (English) languages in primary school. We also determined the importance and significance of the use of linguistic games for the development of bilingualism within children, identified the essence and tasks of bilingualism, as well as the patterns and principles of the development of bilingualism in primary school children.

Keywords:

С. 221-235

REALIZATION OF THE VALUE OF HEALTH PRESERVATION BY STUDENTS OF
A MEDICAL UNIVERSITY

Biryukova N. V.                                                DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-1-236-246

Abstract.  

The article examines the components of the value attitude to health. 537 students of the Resource Center “Medical Sechenov Pre-University” and 153 first-year students of the Sechenov University have answered a questionnaire. The main attention during the survey was paid to the components of health-preserving activity, as well as to the principles of formation of the health-preserving position. The article also considers the components of students’ readiness for health preservation. The results of the study indicate an unformed health-preserving position and value-based attitude to health preservation among young people.

Keywords:

С. 236-246

THE “DETERMINATION OF TOXIC ELEMENTS IN AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS” COMPETENCY

Grigoryeva M. V.                                            DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-1-247-258

Abstract.  

The plant products have a direct influence on the nation’s health, so its security is an important task set before the agricultural sector. One of the key safety indicators of the plant products is the grade control of toxic elements. Thus, the agro-industrial complex needs trained experts who can credibly quantify the chemical elements that show the toxicity behavior. The article examines pedagogical conditions of forming the competency of determination of toxic elements in plant and other agricultural products. The structure of methods of the competency formation is given. The content of the competency is defined according to the modern achievements in science and practice in this subject area. The sequence of mastering the competency components by students is provided. As the result, the following types of pedagogical conditions, which were put to an evaluation test in the Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Agricultural Academy named after K. A. Timiryazev, were distinguished: motivation- and value-based (orientation to search for harmonious ways of the nature and man interaction), cognitive (the system of theoretical and applied knowledge that define the graduate’s readiness and ability to carry out analytic quantitation of toxic metals), pragmatistic (provision of a sufficient amount of experience of practical activity to make the skills to do the sampling, sample preparation, instruments measuring, and results interpreting formed), material and technical (modern laboratory facilities, university subdivisions, electronic and information environment).

Keywords:

С. 247-258

DIGITAL COMMUNICATION CULTURE WHEN MANAGING AN EDUCATIONAL ORGANIZATION

Tetina S. V.                                               DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-1-259-267

Abstract.  

The article discusses modern methods of effective management of an educational organization using digital messengers for communication of the entire staff from the head of the teaching staff down. A huge role for forming the integrity of the educational organization as a team of like-minded people is played by the communicative interaction formed on the basis of the internal corporate culture through the communication management. Communication is presented as information interaction of team members on the basis of digital messengers when performing their functional duties for the effective functioning of an educational organization. Various methods of digital communication are presented and described: vertical, horizontal and diagonal.

Keywords:

С. 259-267

SPECIAL FEATURES OF TEACHING FOREIGN LANGUAGES TO STUDENTS OF A NON-LINGUISTIC UNIVERSITY IN THE CONTEXT OF THE DIGITAL EDUCATION

Chernyaeva I. V. Yakushova E. S.                     DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-1-268-283

Abstract.  

The article deals with the issues of using digital technologies in the educational process when teaching foreign languages to students of the financial and economic field of training. The relevance of the proposed research lies in the need to improve the information and communication competence of both students and university lecturers in the conditions of universal digitalization of education. Our research is based on the analysis of both domestic and foreign authors who consider the use of interactive digital tools when studying vocabulary and grammar, when developing speech skills and abilities in a virtual educational environment. In the course of the study, first-year students of the Financial University were polled to find out their attitude to digital and traditional tasks (online testing, online quizzes, language crosswords, essays, presentation) that students performed during the academic year in English classes. The results of comparing the survey data with the actual academic performance of students in each type of tasks, as well as the analysis of the results of independent work of students in the program Rosetta Stone® are of practical interest.

Keywords:

С. 268-283

ARMED CONFLICTS AND EDUCATION IN WEST AFRICA: IMPLICATIONS
OF THE ARMED CONFLICT IN MALI FOR THE EDUCATION OF WAR-DISPLACED CHILDREN

Mamadu Sissoko.                                         DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-1-284-294

Abstract.  

Mali has been experiencing an unprecedented armed conflict since 2012, pitting the Malian state against terrorist and separatist groups. This armed conflict has led to a massive displacement of population inside and outside the country. This massive displacement of population with children in various directions has strongly destabilized the Malian education system. The objective of this research is to take stock of the school situation of displaced children; to assess the policy and the assistance and aid system put in place by the Malian State to ensure the education of displaced children; and to propose ways to improve the system in place for the educational support of these children displaced by war in Mali.

Keywords:

С. 284-294