QUESTIONS OF KNOWLEDGE OR INFORMATION CONCEPT OF THE ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE: PHILOSOPHICAL VIEW ON THE ISSUE

Popova A. V.                                                     DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-2-9-20

Abstract. 

Paying special attention to the conceptual differences between the definitions of “knowledge” and “information”, the author of the article states that the main peculiarity of information is that it is relatively objectified while knowledge is always subjective. Knowledge depends directly on the individual cognitive abilities and, first of all, on the ethical component of the subject who accumulates it basing on the information received. It is concluded that at the present stage of the development of digital technologies, “knowledge” should be used in two main meanings – epistemological and technological. Within the framework of the technological knowledge, information is transformed into relatively formalized knowledge created by a programmer basing on their value preferences and invested by them in the AI knowledge base, which is used to solve a specific task. It is concluded that the formation of genuine knowledge based on the AI that exists today is impossible; however, given the technological progress of the future, the question remains open and requires new research.

Keywords: 

С. 9-20

ETHNOMATHEMATICS: SOCIO-CULTURAL AND PSYCHOLINGUISTIC ASPECTS

Yashin B. L.                                                     DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-2-21-33

Abstract. 

The article reveals the role of socio-cultural and psycholinguistic approaches in confirming the presence of a variety of mathematicians that appear in each culture as a sign system, with their own practices and rules for operating with language signs, which requires the mathematician to be included in a certain language game. The article substantiates the importance of research in the field of ethnomathematics, which indicates that the “first”, “experienced” mathematicians of different cultures differ from each other in the ways of expressing quantitative and relational relations, as well as spatial forms of the real world in the language. It is shown that ethnomathematics defends the idea of the existence of a variety of different-shaped mathematics, which are the product of various cognitive and instrumental practices that are characteristic of a certain social group, a specific culture. The proposal is discussed to consider some of the ideas and results of the concept of “language games” by L. Wittgenstein, which are related to mathematics, as a contribution to the development of the normative concept of mathematics. The importance of the normative approach to mathematics and possible difficulties in its use are noted.

Keywords: 

С. 21-33

EDUCATION AND UPBRINGING OF CHILDREN WITH THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM PATHOLOGY IN THE CONTEXT OF INCLUSION

Turovskaya N. G., Kondratovich A. V.,
Starovoitova V. S., Turovskaya O. D.                  DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-2-34-46

Abstract. 

The article discusses the issue of inclusive education and upbringing of children with pathology of the central nervous system. The author describes features of mental development disorder in children with the cerebral organic pathology in relation to the lesion focus or the functional lag of certain brain structures. The article compares the originality of the development of children with a different picture of the bioelectrical activity of the brain, with the residual cerebral organic pathology and convulsive paroxysms affected by it. The author analyzes criteria for choosing an educational route for a child with the central nervous system pathology, indicates didactic techniques and requirements for teaching a child with the cerebral organic pathology in the context of inclusion. It is emphasized the importance of optimizing the social situation of the development of a sick child with the aim of stabilizing their psycho-emotional state and preventing the formation of secondary neurotic reactions.

Keywords: 

children, pathology of the central nervous system, education and upbringing, inclusion.

С. 34-46

THE COGNITIVE COMPONENT OF ATTITUDES TO HEALTH BY PEOPLE OF DIFFERENT AGES

Ushakova V. R.                                                    DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-2-47-58

Abstract. 

The article presents the results of a comparative analysis of beliefs about health and a healthy lifestyle, as well as the prevailing sources of information about health among adolescents, students and adults. There have been used the following research methods: a survey and a projective method. The predominant sources of information about health, which are trusted by people of different ages, have been identified. The characteristic different and similar points are determined. The most significant and reliable source of information about health is a doctor for all age categories. It has been revealed that adolescents and student youth also prefer to draw information from social networks, mature people – from popular science literature. It has been confirmed that physical activity and healthy eating habits are the predominant beliefs about ways to maintain health for adolescents, physical and mental harmony – for students, and abandoning bad habits – for adults. The indicators of health for adolescents are sociability and cheerfulness, for young people they are happiness and inner harmony, for people of the mature age – external beauty and cheerfulness.

Keywords: 

attitudes towards health, a cognitive component, health beliefs, sources of health information.

С. 47-58

HOSPITAL SCHOOLS IN GREAT BRITAIN AND THE UNITED STATES: EDUCATIONAL GOALS AND INFRASTRUCTURE UNDER CREATION

Adamyan E. I.                                                   DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-2-59-71

Abstract. 

The study examines the hospital schools experience in the UK and the US and consists of two parts. In its first part, published this year in issue No.1 of the given journal, we considered the idea of a pupil of a hospital school, their needs, which are reflected in the legal documents of the two countries. In this article, we focus on the goals of education and upbringing of a child under a long-term care, goal-related mission of hospital schools, the specifics of the educational environment, as well as the infrastructure with which this environment is created.

Keywords: 

children under a long-term care, hospital schools, educational environment, interdepartmental interaction.

С. 59-71

MODERN PRACTICE OF USING THE CATEGORY OF “CONTEXT” IN THE WORK OF PSYCHOLOGISTS, COACHES AND BUSINESS TRAINERS 

Kalashnikov V. G., Danilochkina V. V.                 DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-2-72-83

Abstract. 

The article focuses on the practical application of the category of “context” in the work of psychologists, coaches and business coaches. The purpose of the article is to demonstrate the increasing pragmatic potential of using the “context” category in the work of members of caring professions. There are examples of psychological practices, business training programs and coaching tools, which are based on the concept of “context” and its meaning-forming role, which allows transforming life experience and increasing understanding of events that take place in a person’s life.

Keywords: 

context, the context-oriented approach, practical psychology, nootechnics, coaching, business training, negotiation psychology, conflictology, the semantic psychological context, a metaconcept.

С. 72-83

ADDITIONAL EDUCATION IN A PANDEMIC: CHALLENGES AND SOLUTIONS

Boyarinov D. A.                                                DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-2-84-95

Abstract. 

The article discusses the features of organizing and implementing educational activities amid the pandemic. The views of modern teachers on the positive and negative consequences of the global-scale transition to exclusively distance learning are analyzed. The potential of the system of additional education in relation to overcoming negative consequences is revealed and requirements are formulated for the content of additional educational programs focused on ensuring the quality of education amid the pandemic.

Keywords:

additional education, digital educational platforms, additional educational programs, distance learning, education amid the pandemic.

С. 84-95

INNOVATIVE MODEL OF STATE AND PUBLIC REGULATION OF THE ACTIVITIES
OF AN EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION IN THE FIELD OF ISLAMIC EDUCATION 

Yakovleva A. V.                                               DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-2-96-104

Abstract. 

The article examines managing a modern Islamic educational institution. It is revealed that if the formation of public management structures is a problematic element in the «state-public» relationship in secular educational organizations, the system of Islamic education lacks effective mechanisms of interaction with the state. An innovative model of state and public regulation of the activities of an Islamic educational organization, which is based on the principles of Russian educational management, is suggested.

Keywords:

Islamic education, state and public administration, state, society, confession of faith.

С. 96-104

IMPLEMENTATION OF ACADEMIC STUDENT MOBILITY IN THE UK
AT THE BEGINNING OF THE 21st CENTURY

Boguslavsky M. V., Roslyakova A. A.            DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-2-105-114

Abstract. 

The article presents the specifics of the implementation of academic mobility of students in the UK at the beginning of the 21st century. Cross-border movement of students, that is, international student mobility, is recognized as the most visible form of internationalization in higher education. The UK remains competitive in the global higher education arena and is an attractive option for international students. International students make an invaluable social, cultural and economic contribution to the development of the UK. The UK government has made it clear that universities that aspire to become global institutions will always be open to international students. This has helped realize many of the economic benefits that education exports have brought to the UK. Despite the global pandemic, the UK has made great strides in realizing the goals outlined in the original International Education Strategy.

Keywords:

academic mobility, student experience, immigration process, foreign students, mobile education, International Education Strategy.

С. 105-114

TRADITIONS OF KINSHIP AMONG TUVANS AS A FACTOR OF SPIRITUAL
AND MORAL EDUCATION OF THE INDIVIDUAL

Kuular S. V.                                                 DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-2-115-123

Abstract. 

This article presents a generalized analysis of the study on the features and veneration of kinship relations among the ancient Tuvans as a sacred tradition, which was guided by the spiritual and moral upbringing of children. The observance of consanguineous relations among the ancient Tuvans was considered an unshakable tradition that contributed to the upbringing of a highly moral generation. The results of an empirical study showing the transformation of the traditions of kinship relations among modern Tuvans are presented. The author adheres to the ethno-pedagogical concept of spiritual and moral education of the individual, in which national traditions and customs play a leading role. Based on the theoretical analysis of historical, pedagogical sources and her own empirical research, the author actualizes the problem of preserving the folk traditions of raising children among Tuvans, reveals their moral character.

Keywords:

spiritual and moral education, a Tuvan family, family traditions of upbringing, globalization and modernization, kinship relations.

С. 115-123

THE DOMINANT ROLE OF THE KOMSOMOL IN YOUTH OUTREACH
IN THE SOVIET UNION

Nikiforenkova A. M.                                   DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-2-124-134

Abstract. 

The article examines the role of the All-Union Leninist Young Communist League in educational outreach in the Soviet Union, the process of forming its structure, the transformation of priority areas of activity and organization’s problems in various times.

Keywords:

Komsomol, All-Union Leninist Young Communist League, outreach, the young, student associations, youth movement, youth policy.

С. 124-134

ASSESSMENT OF THE COMPETENCIES OF PRE-SERVCE SPECIALISTS IN PHYSICAL CULTURE AND SPORTS IN THE FURTHER EDUCATION SYSTEM

Artemova M. A.                                               DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-2-135-140

Abstract.  

To date, institutions of further education face the task of training a competitive specialist with a set of competencies that meet the requirements of the labor market. The measurability of competencies as a subject of learning outcomes control is currently of the highest difficulty both in theoretical and practical terms. The article discusses the mechanisms and stages of assessing the general and professional competencies of pre-service specialists in physical culture and sports in the system of further education. The example of dividing the competencies into elements and the corresponding descriptors of their assessment are given. The article presents the requirements for the assessment funds, the procedure for assessing general and professional competencies. The article also considers the assessment of the competencies based on the results of mastering the training cycles of the curriculum according to the data of the accumulative system and the assessment based on the results of specially organized tests.

Keywords:

С. 135-140

ACADEMIC PERFECTIONISM OF UNIVERSITY STUDENTS IN ONLINE ENGLISH LEARNING 

Filyasova Yu. A.                                            DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-2-141-155

Abstract.  

This paper aims to study forms and causes of academic perfectionism in the context of distance learning on the material of a student survey on the benefits and drawbacks of learning the English language in an online group setting. Methods of research included opinion categorization, content-analysis and quantitative calculation. The results of opinion analysis showed that distance leaning of English creates conditions for developing academic perfectionism, which is expressed through generation of personal intentions to significantly enhance one’s language skills. However, under the conditions of social distance and mediated communication, social interactions become distorted, personal mindset changes, academic motivation decreases, the correlation between the social and individual “I” is modified, the social component in the personal structure is reduced. Academic perfectionism acquires negative signs of procrastination, criticism, lowered performance efficiency, and increased role of a rigid individual personal construct. The intensity of foreign communicative competence development plummets in the distance learning context in comparison with face-to-face training in a group setting due to the lack of organizational and methodological instructions from the teacher’s behalf, time-limits, increased amount of written tasks, limited spoken communication, lowered student involvement in the lesson activity. Learning English as a foreign language implies interactive student work, social roles assumption, and solving communicative tasks during active communication. The most vulnerable aspect of the language activity is speaking, which is only possible through interactive communication; however, it becomes less efficient in distance learning owing to the lack of non-verbal behavior observation and knowledge of social and psychological state of communicants. The online education organization was rather complicated due to problems with the individual technical equipment, an insufficient amount of time for each student, difference in digital levels of students and instructors as program users, mediated communication, psychological distancing and conventionality of social interaction in virtual reality.

Keywords:

С. 141-155

TEACHING ACTIVITY IN THE POST-EPIDEMIC PERIOD: EXPERIENCE AND SOLUTIONS IN THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA

Zanina L. V., Li Nannan.                          DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-2-156-170

Abstract.  

The article analyzes the issue of improving the professional competence of teachers in the People’s Republic of China on the basis of the results of studies of various categories of citizens and teachers during the epidemic and post-epidemic periods. The socio-cultural and socio-political conditions that determine the changes in the characteristics of the professional competence of teachers are noted. The aim is to describe the content and technological characteristics of the teacher’s activity in the context of the digitalization of teaching in Chinese basic schools. A review of scientific research is conducted to reveal the characteristics of the attitude of teachers, parents and students to the introduction of online education in connection with the outbreak of the epidemic. The factors influencing the implementation of innovative processes in education in the post-epidemic period are determined. The methodological basis of the study is the provisions of the cultural-historical approach. They emphasize the value of education and the position of teachers in the development and formation of the Chinese statehood. The authors describe the “smart class” and “deep education” technologies that are innovative for China. The scientific novelty lies in presenting the experience of Chinese basic schools in improving the qualifications of teachers in the context of implementing the state program “Internet + Education”; the article also presents the requirements for the professional competence of teachers who implement the state program for modernization of education.

Keywords:

С. 156-170

TOOLKIT AND DIAGNOSTIC ASSESSMENT OF ADOLESCENT NUTRITION CULTURE AS A BASIC COMPONENT OF THEIR LIFESTYLE

Kolikova E. G., Shibkova D. Z.                      DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-2-171-182

Abstract.  

The article presents the results of a study on food culture and eating behavior of adolescents: the observance of diet and dietary intake, food preferences and restrictions, the quality of food consumed. The authors compared the results of surveying students and their parents in order to identify the causes of eating disorders of students. The article makes a comparative analysis of the eating habits of different groups of respondents, separated according to gender and place of residence. The conclusion of the article suggests the way to solve the problem through implementing interdisciplinary links and synthesis of cognitive and transformative activities.

Keywords:

С. 171-182

PEDAGOGICAL SUPPORT OF HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS WHEN CHOOSING
THE FUTURE PROFESSION

Nazarova A. S., Vishnyakova E. I.,
Barinova S. G.                                               DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-2-183-189

Abstract.  

The article analyzes the system of career guidance in different countries of the world. The authors rise the following relevant questions: why nowadays it is important and necessary to provide the schoolchildren with the pedagogical support during career counseling, and what modern advances and approaches will help young people choose the profession of the future.

Keywords:

С. 183-189

FORMING THE PEDAGOGICAL COMMUNICATIVE COMPETENCE OF PRE-SERVICE TEACHERS AT THE PRE-UNIVERSITY STAGE OF TRAINING IN THE PROCESS OF PROJECT MANAGEMENT

Rudakova E. A., Leifa A. V.                          DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-2-190-200

Abstract.  

The present article discusses the process of forming the pedagogical communicative competence of pre-service teachers studying through implementing the project management into the teaching and educational process of the lyceum under a pedagogical university. The article reveals the topicality of applying the project management method in the teaching and educational environment of the lyceum under a pedagogical university. It also considers types of projects and the features of their implementation in practice in order to form the basic communicative and pedagogical skills of future teachers. The article presents the stages of work on each of the projects and the results of their application, taking into account the psychological and age characteristics of high school students from the position of their formation as future teachers.

Keywords:

С. 190-200

REALIZING THE INFORMATION APPROACH TO THE ORGANIZATION OF CAREER GUIDANCE ACTIVITIES IN THE PROPAEDEUTIC COURSE OF PHYSICS

Begasheva I. S.                                               DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-2-201-209

Abstract.  

The article deals with an important to-date issue of the vocational guidance of secondary school students. According to numerous surveys and studies, the secondary school students have almost no knowledge about the real needs and existing demand in the labor market. This is followed by a random choice of profession, which entails wasting energy with unclear results, which further leads to unnecessary loss of time and deterioration of the student’s self-esteem. Considerable attention in the article is paid to the realization of the information approach to organizing the career guidance activities in the propaedeutic course of physics in grades 5–6. The practical significance of the article lies in the fact that it considers the creation of a virtual career guidance excursion to acquaint students with reliable information about modern professions, educational institutions and organizations that provide jobs, the needs of the modern labor market.

Keywords:

С. 201-209

COMPONENTS OF STUDENT MOTIVATION DEVELOPMENT TO PHYSICAL EDUCATION CLASSES IN DISTANCE LEARNING

Tsyganenko O. S., Markova O. A.,
Velichko T. I., Smirnov A. G.                        DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-2-210-215

Abstract.  

The authors of the article attempt to generalize the experience of the faculty members of the Department of «Physical Culture and Sports» of Bauman Moscow State Technical University in the context of transition to distance learning, during the quarantine measures introduced during the pandemic of coronavirus infection caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The results of the study are presented, on the basis of which recommendations are given to university lecturers on the purposeful development of motivation in the educational and training activities of students under the lockdown conditions. The mutual influence of motivation on the results of online learning is proved. The gender features when forming the students’ motivational components are revealed. Possible promising areas of cooperation with students in educational and training activities in the format of distance learning are presented. The main features of the organization of distance learning and the prospect of introducing distance technologies into the educational process of physical education of students at the present stage are described. This study data should be considered for the successful implementation of the professional and applied training in physical education of students of technical universities.

Keywords:

С. 210-215

PARAMETERS OF STUDENTS’ INDEPENDENT WORK AS THE CRITERIA FOR DETECTING THE INFORMATION AND EDUCATIONAL ENVIRONMENT

Shaposhnikova T. L., Tedoradze T. G.,
Vyazankova V. V.                                              DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-2-216-226

Abstract.  

The article considers the relationship between the parameters of independent work of students and the characteristics of the university information and educational environment. The authors have substantiated that the parameters reflecting the independent work of students characterize, first of all, such aspects of the information and educational environment as its modality, breadth, intensity, dominance, coherence, safety and effectiveness, which is due to the fact that the factors of success of independent work are the same as the educational process as a whole. The theoretical significance of the results of this study is that they can be the basis for further scientific understanding of the issue of the effectiveness of independent work of students; the practical significance is that they can be used in systems of socio-pedagogical monitoring (monitoring the quality of education and the effectiveness of the educational environment).

Keywords:

С. 216-226

ELECTRONIC LABORATORY RECORDS ON INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
IN LMS MOODLE SYSTEM

Artemkina Yu. M., Shcherbakov V. V.,
Artemkina I. M.                                             DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-2-227-241

Abstract.  

In the distance learning system LMS Moodle, an electronic laboratory records system for the discipline “General and Inorganic Chemistry” has been developed and tested in the educational process, which is aimed at first-year undergraduate and specialty students of the Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology. The electronic laboratory records include the performance of 11 laboratory works on the chemistry of elements and their compounds by students in the assessment model. The LMS Moodle system also contains a bank of 654 questions for the protection of laboratory works.

Keywords:

С. 227-241

STUDYING PSYCHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF THE PERSONALITY OF A CADET
OF EDUCATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS OF THE FEDERAL PENITENTIARY SERVICE
OF RUSSIA IN THE CONDITIONS OF A PANDEMIC: PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS

Paulkina D. P.                                              DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-2-242-250

Abstract.  

The article discusses the features of distance learning during the COVID-19 pandemic, notes the positive and negative aspects of the distance learning. The analysis of the scientific problems that researchers faced when working with cadets of law enforcement agencies during the COVID-19 pandemic was carried out. Special attention is paid to the organization of the educational process of cadets of educational organizations of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia. The problems of using some diagnostic methods in Google Forms are revealed, an example of studying the individual characteristics of a cadet’s personality using the Test of «Life Orientations» by D. A. Leontiev in Google Forms is given. In conclusion, the importance of working towards improving the methods and techniques of working with cadets in a remote format using Google Forms is noted.

Keywords:

С. 242-250

ANALYSIS OF FACTORS OF FORMING THE ORGANIZATIONAL AND MANAGERIAL COMPETENCE IN MILITARY PERSONNEL

Nuyftin E. V.                                             DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-2-251-261

Abstract.  

The article analyzes the requirements for the level of vocational education, the state order to form the organizational and managerial competence of military personnel. The relevance of the study is revealed through the characterization of the professionalism of military personnel and officers especially, their overcoming difficulties in adaptation and qualitative implementation of managerial activities. The importance of these requirements is reflected in the federal state educational standards of higher education and departmental qualification requirements for graduates of military institutions. The research on the qualitative development of the organizational and managerial competence focuses on its determining factors. The identified factors make it possible to adjust the process of educational activity, directing it to the use of individual design tools. The article reveals the scientific works of scientists and teachers that aim to investigate the causes and conditions of forming the organizational and managerial competence. Based on the analysis of psychological and pedagogical literature, guidance documents, and reports, the author substantiates the developed classification of factors, highlighting internal and external ones. The study reflects the reasoned content of the proposed classification of the competence formation factors. The internal factors include psychological characteristics, cognitive-reflexive abilities and leadership qualities. The external factors include a political and economic factor, an educational factor, environment and spiritual and moral values. These factors contribute to the selection of high-quality means of the competence formation.

Keywords:

С. 251-261

TEAChING ENGLISH WITH THE HELP OF THE “MOODLE” ON-LINE SERVICE
(MOBILE APPLICATION) IN A MEDICAL SCHOOL

Sharipova F. I.                                         DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2022-2-262-274

Abstract.  

The article provides a scientific rationale for the possibility of using the online service Moodle (mobile version) in English classes at medical schools. The author investigates the possibility of using mobile learning when teaching English in medical schools. Lecturers of the «Foreign languages» department and students of the «Pediatrics» faculty of Tashkent Pediatric Medical Institute took part in the study. The research tools were reviews and focus group discussions of students’ work and interviews with lecturers. The thematic analysis of the interviews showed that the lecturers were using Moodle as a way to minimize distance learning, to compensate students’ absences due to the COVID-19 pandemic, to increase professional learning of English, and to increase motivation of underachieving students. Focus group discussions, case studies, and reviews of students’ work on the Moodle online service showed that students found this way of learning easy, interesting, and useful. According to the results, students’ online or offline participation does not affect their performance and grades, except for the question about the appropriateness of the method, while their motivation and professional interest affect their grades; at the same time the opinion of advanced students outweighs the opinion of basic students about the MOODLE online service.

Keywords:

С. 262-274

DISCUSSIONS IN SEVENTEENTH-CENTURY EPISTEMOLOGY: LOCKE AGAINST HERBERT

Sorokina T. B.                                             DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2021-6-9-15

Abstract. 

The article reveals the contradictions between the supporters of different epistemological approaches – Edward Herbert and John Locke. Locke’s critique of the theory of innate ideas not only reveals the basic arguments of representatives of empiricism and materialism in discussions with opponents, but also allows a deeper understanding of the culture and mentality of English intellectuals of the XVIIth century. On the basis of Herbert’s rationalist theory, the author shows how some cognitive ideas that seemed to have been pushed to the periphery of cognition reveal a new meaning in a new context. The scientific novelty of the study is determined by the expansion of the traditional interpretation of the chapter “Experience on Human Understanding” by Locke, devoted to the ideas of Herbert’s, through the use of the provisions of Herbert’s epistemology.

Keywords: 

С. 9-15

PHILOSOPHICAL IDEAS OF N. V. USTRYALOV IN THE CONTEXT
OF SLAVOPHILE THOUGHT

Skorokhodova S. I.                                             DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2021-6-16-25

Abstract. 

The article attempts to unpack the philosophical debate between N. V. Ustryalov – the leader of the Smenovekhstvo (Change of Signposts) movement – and Slavophiles, which, as the author of the article considers, brings up these topic most intensely. The main trinary in Ustryalov’s political ontology is distinguished (power, nationalism, religion – which should be based on a creative idea). This trinary is compared with the Slavophiles’ acknowledged trinary (Orthodoxy, nationalism, autocracy). It is shown that, in the “power – people” correlation, Ustryalov gives his preference to power, mystifying and psychologizing it. Power of the state, at the same time, according to the Slavophiles, is the manifestation of the people’s will, resting on the conscious mind which consolidates in churches and universities. It is stated that the major disagreement between Ustryalov and the Slavophiles lay in their attitude to the Orthodoxy. Ustryalov believed that not only religion, but also philosophy could become the spiritual ground for life of society but only if having the creative element. Ustryalov believed in the principle of religious tolerance. The Slavophiles suggested that power should be based on the very spiritual ground that develops historically: independently of it, it is impossible to resist the newfangled ideas that are skillfully driven home to people. It is concluded in the article that, seeing romanticism in the Slavophiles’ doctrine, Ustryalov himself was not devoid of it.

Keywords: 

С. 16-25

SHESTOV AND SHAKESPEARE

Florova V. S.                                             DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2021-6-26-34

Abstract. 

The paper is concerned with a special role, which Shakespeare and interpretation of his work played in the philosophical reflections of L. I. Shestov. Being an existentialist, personalist and philosopher of life, Shestov rejected not only positivist philosophy in all of its forms, but also philosophy as a system in general. And in this matter Shakespeare was perceived by Shestov as the principal ally. Shestov’s approach to the work and personality of Shakespeare shows a peculiar substitution of the text with its interpretation: Shestov’s attitude as a reader is declared to be the attitude set by the text itself. This approach does not contradict Shestov’s philosophy: in his opinion, Shakespeare, the creator, should not be analyzed but perceived through the reader’s personal experience. According to Shestov, it is the analysis that attempts to squeeze poetry into the framework of the scientific discourse kills the poetic text.

Keywords: 

С. 26-34

PSYCHOLOGICAL CONFLICT RESOLUTION STRATEGIES IN ORGANIZATION MANAGEMENT

Slobodchikova Yu. V., Semchuk I. V.                     DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2021-6-35-47

Abstract. 

The article focuses on the issue of ways of behavior in a conflict situation, as well as psychological strategies for resolving conflicts when managing an organization. Based on theoretical analysis and experimental verification of the proposed provisions, the work aims to identify psychological strategies for conflict resolution when managing an organization. Based on the theoretical analysis, the conducted research identified an acute need for introducing the study of psychological strategies for conflict resolution into the training system of heads of organizations.

Keywords: 

styles of behavior in conflict, the effectiveness of managing an organization.

С. 35-47

DEVELOPMENT OF SUBJECTS OF ADDITIONAL EDUCATION: SOCIAL
AND PSYCHOLOGICAL PROBLEMS

Gasanova R. R., Valeeva G. V.,
Arpentieva M. R., Kuznetsova N. V.                      DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2021-6-48-59

Abstract. 

The work contains a theoretical analytical and synthetic understanding of the problems of the development of additional education in the context of formation and development of its subjects (lecturers and teachers, students and schoolchildren). One of the means on this path is an individual educational trajectory – the space and time of cooperation of educational subjects on the issues of self-actualization and self-realization of a person as an individual, partner and professional. When mastering additional education programs, pre-service specialists can expand and deepen their professional, as well as interpersonal and personal subjectivity, moving along individual educational trajectories, master and reflect on the issues of reorganizing social relations (including educational). They need to comprehend the possibilities and limitations of different models of approaches, expand and deepen their understanding of the world of pedagogical and other relationships, strengthen their desire to develop, the ability to support and stimulate this desire in their lives, and in the lives and activities of their students.

Keywords: 

additional education, individual educational trajectories, development, innovation, sustainable development, abandonment of development, degradation, sociopathy.

С. 48-59

THE ISSUE OF THE HUMAN IMAGE IN RUSSIAN AND BELARUSIAN PSYCHOLOGY

Strelenko A. A.                                             DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2021-6-60-72

Abstract. 

The article presents the results of the key theoretical directions in the study of the psychic image in the Russian and Belarusian psychology. Based on the theoretical analysis carried out, we can conclude that the issue of psychic images developed on the levels of psychic reflection from simpler forms, such as the signal on which the reflex began to function, to increasingly complex forms, such as the integral image of reality, the image of the world, the image of oneself or the image of other people, in particular. The accumulation of research both in the field of general psychology and in the field of social psychology, the topic of the image of a human became more integrated. At the present stage, such integration is realized in the social-perceptual approach of studying the image of a human.

Keywords: 

the theoretical approach, consciousness, image, the image of a human, social-perceptual images.

С. 60-72

RETIREMENT OF UNIVERSITY LECTURERS AS A DETERMINANT OF PERSONAL CHANGES

Akhilgova M. T., Khanova Z. G.                             DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2021-6-73-80

Abstract. 

The article presents the analysis of the content and functional characteristics of the crisis in the scientific research environment. Three main groups of psychological crises are identified: age-related, personal, and situational. The features of retirement as a personal development crisis are revealed. The relationship between the university lecturers’ personal characteristics that have undergone changes, designated by them as subjectively significant for retirement, is established.

Keywords: 

psychological crisis, personal transformations, retirement, retirement age, a lecturer.

С. 73-80

PLANNING AND CONDUCTING DEVELOPMENTAL ACTIVITIES WITH PRESCHOOL CHILDREN: HISTORY AND MODERNITY

Trifonova E. V.                                             DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2021-6-81-94

Abstract. 

For a long time, the structure of a school lesson was the model of lessons with preschool children, where children were given new information or a method of action, which were then worked out and consolidated. The current standard of preschool education and its methodological support set a different principle of educational work, based on the main provisions of Cultural-Historical Psychology and Activity Theory. The new content should be mastered by students of pedagogical universities, but the usual stereotypical attitudes greatly inhibit the process of appropriating new content. The first article reveals the basic principles of organizing developmental classes with preschoolers, the second article will analyze the difficulties of developing and conducting such classes by students.

Keywords: 

preschool education, classes in preschool educational institutions, developmental activities with preschool children, activity-based approach in education, Federal State Educational Standard of Preschool Education.

С. 81-94

A TYPOLOGICAL MODEL OF COGNITIVE SKILLS

Aikhel N. V.                                                   DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2021-6-95-106

Abstract. 

The article points out individual types of cognitive skills, such as practical, communicative, intellectual, reflexive, organizational, and informational. It identifies the logical sequence of these types, based on the objective regularity of their formation and development in a person engaged in the cognitive activity. A typological model of cognitive skills, based on the specified regularity and allowing to identify cognitive skills in students, as well as to perform diagnostics has been designed. The given model can serve as the basis for developing a diagnostic technique of availability of certain types of cognitive skills and the level of their formation in students, as well as for developing the individual trajectories of further development of cognitive skills in each of them.

Keywords: 

cognitive skills, typology, categorical method “A number of information criteria”.

С. 95-106

STRATEGIES FOR REGULATING THE EMOTIONAL BURNT OUT OF TEACHERS IN INNOVATIVE ACTIVITIES

Dolinskaya L. A., Gorsheneva V. V.                     DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2021-6-107-119

Abstract. 

The article discusses the issue of using strategies for regulating emotional burnout in the innovation activity, describes the emotional burnout, reveals the emotional regulation model, and presents the results of studying the emotional burnout of teachers in innovative activities.

Keywords: 

strategies of personality self-affirmation, innovative activities of teachers, emotions, emotional burnout in innovative activities, strategies of emotional regulation, education.

С. 107-119

TRANSFORMATION OF EDUCATIONAL FORMATS: OLD PROBLEMS AND NEW CHALLENGES

Milovanov K. Yu.                                            DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2021-6-120-130

Abstract. 

The article deals with the research of the transformation of educational formats in Russia and in the world. The significance of the cultural and historical potential of the national education is revealed, its role in the modern modernization process is determined. The leading trends in the development of the global educational environment and Russian education are characterized: lifelong learning, introducing digital educational technologies, defining the role of the teacher in the context of changing educational formats, identifying the challenges and risks of digitalization. The pedagogical analysis of the use of gaming teaching technologies, digital communication models, educational platforms, resources and services is presented. The trends of modernization development and digital transformation are characterized, their influence on the state of the national education system is shown.

Keywords:

modernization of education, reforming education, digital transformation of education, distance learning, domestic education.

С. 120-130

SOCIO-TECHNOLOGICAL CHALLENGES AND THEIR IMPACT ON THE SPHERE OF HIGHER EDUCATION

Neborsky E. V., Boguslavsky M. V.,
Ladyzhets N. S. Naumova T. A.                         DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2021-6-131-142

Abstract. 

The digital transition is becoming a factor that triggers the processes of complex and numerous transformations in the sphere of society. The article formulates key socio-technological challenges, including replacement of a person with artificial intelligence; loss of human identity; social distancing, alienation; loss of privacy; increase in mental disorders; growing inequality. The article shows the specificity of the impact of these challenges on the sphere of higher education and universities, offers tools to minimize the potential negative consequences of socio-technological challenges.

Keywords:

digital university, digital era, higher education, universities, socio-technological challenges, digital risks.

С. 131-142

THE CONTENT OF THE “TEACHER’S CONCEPTUAL SPHERE” TERM IN SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE

Batkaeva Y. A.                                              DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2021-6-143-156

Abstract. 

The article covers the content of the definition of the conceptual sphere in scientific knowledge to identify the role of the professional conceptual sphere of a teacher in mastering the pedagogical theory and implementing practical activities. Based on the analysis of various scientific disciplines research (cognitive linguistics, psycholinguistics, psychology, linguistic and cultural studies, philosophy, and pedagogy), the structure and invariant features of the concepts and the conceptual sphere are determined. The data received made it possible to determine the features of the pedagogical concept and to define the teacher’s professional conceptual sphere as a mental formation in the teacher’s mind, which is a structured system of subjectively interpreted pedagogical concepts that represent a holistic scientific picture of the process of pedagogical activity organized by him/her and included in the context of their professional life.

Keywords:

concept, teacher’s conceptual sphere, pedagogical knowledge, pedagogical activity, training of teaching staff.

С. 143-156

THE HEURISTIC ASPECT OF HERMENEUTICS: NOTES ON THE METHODOLOGY OF COMENIUS RESEARCH

Marchukova S. M.                                          DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2021-6-157-170

Abstract. 

The article deals with the search for ways to solve the problem of cardinal strengthening of heuristic work with historical sources. In particular, we are talking about the modern understanding of the heuristic aspect of hermeneutic methods in comeniological (Comenius) research. Methodological guidelines of the presented work are, on the one hand, of J. A. Komensky’s thesis about “three stages of reliable knowledge: empirical, epistemic and heuristic” (“Pansophia”), on the other hand – the disclosure in his works of the pedagogical aspect of biblical hermeneutics, which later became the foundation of the hermeneutic trend in philosophy. The combination of these two methodological guidelines in the presented article is intended to reveal the relevance of heuristic work with historical sources on the example of comeniology – a broad interdisciplinary field of knowledge and a fundamental direction of modern historical-pedagogical science.

Keywords:

J. A. Comenius, heuristics, hermeneutics, pietism, Quakers, Ph. J. Spener, A. G. Franke, N. L. Zinzendorf, Herrnhut, F. D. Schleiermacher.

С. 157-170

MOBILIZING CHILDREN: KIEV YOUTH DURING WORLD WAR I

Neumann M.                                              DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2021-6-171-185

Abstract. 

The article discusses the complex interaction between national mobilization during World War I and children. The focus is on children and teenagers living in Kyiv, a border region of the Russian Empire, who were amongst the first children to be affected by the war. The purpose of the study is to examine the ways in which children and adolescents were integrated into the military culture in the city during the general mobilization period and the very nature of their direct participation in this war. The materials of contemporary pedagogical research will be used to reconstruct children’s experiences during that time as well as their emotional response to military culture in the first two years of the war.

Keywords:

World War I, military culture, children and adolescents, military mobilization, patriotism, children’s experience of war.

С. 171-185

DISCIPLINARY PRACTICES IN THE SOVIET SCHOOL CULTURE OF THE SECOND HALF OF THE 20th CENTURY

Churkina N. I.                                          DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2021-6-186-199

Abstract. 

In the modern sociocultural situation, an appeal to the history of the Soviet school seems to be especially relevant, since there has been a tendency in society not always to adequately assess the recent Soviet history. At the same time, in pedagogical research, these topics are not sufficiently studied. The article solves a scientific problem that consists in the implementation of a retrospective study of everyday disciplinary practices in the context of their correspondence / inconsistency with the Soviet school culture of the specified period. The work aims to substantiate the theoretical and methodological foundations of the study of disciplinary practices in the context of the Soviet school culture and their approbation with the use a complex of ego-sources and materials of in-depth interviews with representatives of the post-war generation of schoolchildren. The methodological basis of the research was made of three groups of approaches: culturological, sociocultural approaches, the theory of social constructivism. General scientific methods – analysis, synthesis, descriptions, in-depth interviews – are used as research methods. As the result of the research, the need to study disciplinary practices as the factor of forming and element of school culture has been substantiated. The methodological and theoretical constructions of the study of disciplinary practices in the Soviet school culture of the second half of the twentieth century as an object of the interdisciplinary research are determined. The groups of methods and forms of discipline regulation, which are characteristic of school culture, used in disciplinary practices, are substantiated, periods in the development of the normative base regulating school discipline in the second half of the twentieth century are highlighted.

Keywords:

school culture, the Soviet school, discipline, school discipline, disciplinary practices, cultural practices, education.

С. 186-199

DEVELOPMENT OF THE CULTUROLOGICAL IDEA OF TEACHING A FOREIGN LANGUAGE IN THE DOMESTIC PEDAGOGY OF LATE XIX – EARLY XXI CENTURY

Petrova V. A.                                          DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2021-6-200-211

Abstract. 

The article notes that from the end of the 19th to the beginning of the 20th century social and pedagogical thought pointed to the cultural potential of the “Foreign language” discipline. Reflections of famous teachers and public figures on the relationship between the language and culture, the importance of comprehending the culture of the people of the country of the target language, the general educational significance of studying a foreign language in the context of culture are given. The article states that the successful use of cultural facts in the process of learning a foreign language contributes not only to the students’ mastering the knowledge of the language, but also to their understanding the culture of the country, the life of the people. This is important for the development of the culture of the students’ personality, fostering a culture of peace, the ability to understand a different worldview and a different culture, find compromises in order to establish a mutually beneficial dialogue and fruitful cooperation; it also enriches the personality and contributes to their intellectual and moral development.

Keywords:

culture, a foreign language, culturological idea, social and pedagogical thought, late XIX – early XXI centuries.

С. 200-211

DEVELOPMENT OF LEGAL AND REGULATORY FRAMEWORK OF STANDARDIZATION OF GENERAL EDUCATION IN RUSSIA (2012–2021)

Ovchinnikov A. V.                                          DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2021-6-212-224

Abstract. 

The basic regulatory acts adopted by central state authorities of the Russian Federation and regulating the procedure of development, adoption and enforcement of the Federal State Educational Standards of General Education, starting with the Federal Law On Education in the Russian Federation of 2012 and until the beginning of 2021, are subsequently analyzed in the article. It is demonstrated that the development of standards is first of all a serious norm-setting process, the aim of which is to create legal conditions and guarantees which would actually ensure the complete exercise of rights of each student to obtain high-quality education. It is underlined that the Federal State Educational Standards, being the main organizational and pedagogical document of the country formulating the obligatory requirements in the area of education and training, acts both as a result and surety of social consent regarding the main directions of formation and development of young generations of Russian citizens.

Keywords:

legislation in education, Federal State Educational Standard of Secondary General Education, Federal State Educational Standard of Basic General Education, regulatory acts of standardization of general education, obligatory requirements in general education.

С. 221-224

FIRST GRADER ADAPTATION TO SCHOOL EDUCATION AS A CONTEMPORARY RESEARCH AND METHODOLOGICAL ISSUE

Artyukhova I. S.                                            DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2021-6-225-233

Abstract.  

The article shows that the nurtured education prerequisites are the most meaningful criteria determining school readiness and ensuring the successful educational process. Analytical research has been made into the social and psychological specifics of the children born after 2010. Based on the said analysis results, a new research and methodological issue has been formulated: how should the process of modern children adaptation to school be organized and added content to, given their specific psychological development determined by the ongoing social and technological development of society? The causes of difficulties during the adaptation period have been attributed to the insufficient elaboration of various prerequisites for the universal learning skills (ULS). The article contains the perspective recommendations as to how the causes of first grader desadaptation to school education could be prevented.

Keywords:

С. 225-233

INFLUENCE OF INDEPENDENT WORK OF CADETS ON THE PROFESSIONALISM
OF A FUTURE SPECIALIST

Muralev A. A., Chursin A. A., Lunev A. N.       DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2021-6-234-239

Abstract.  

Scientific and methodological materials on the issue of the cadets’ independent work allow us to define it as a form of vocational training that is based on independent work, as a method and type of training, which has organizational and time parameters. The article analyzes scientific research on the organization of independent work of cadets, according to the results of which three directions are distinguished, and each of them has a certain basis. The scientific validity of the competent organization of the independent work allows us to highlight the main directions of its subsequent development, which aims to improve the professionalism of cadets, provided that the organization of educational and military professional activities is expedient.

Keywords:

С. 234-239

USING INTERACTIVE METHODS IN MATHS LESSONS

Hayitov U. H.                                         DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2021-6-240-247

Abstract.  

This article discusses the use of interactive methods in Mathematics lessons. There is also information about the “Best Assistant Teacher” technology and how to use it in the classroom. Suggestions and comments have been made on the advantages of using this interactive method in Mathematics lessons.

Keywords:

С. 240-247

SCIENTIFIC WORKSHOP AS AN INNOVATIVE FORM OF STUDENT INVOLVEMENT IN RESEARCH

Lyzhin A. I., Konovalov A. A.                     DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2021-6-248-256

Abstract.  

The authors address the issue of involving students in research activities, point to the importance and need for forming the research competence as an integral part of a modern specialist. They suggest considering the format of the «Scientific Workshop» as one of the innovative forms of organizing research work. The etymology of this concept and the experience of the first such event within the walls of the Russian State Vocational Pedagogical University made it possible to deduce its effectiveness and the possibility of further systematic application within the framework of the implementation of the main scientific agenda of the university.

Keywords:

С. 248-256

EDUCATIONAL TECHNICAL TEXT: FEATURES OF PERCEPTION IN THE CONTEXT OF THE ADAPTIVE APPROACH TO FORMING FOREIGN LANGUAGE COMPETENCIES

Bogush N. B., Ivanova E. A.                            DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2021-6-257-269

Abstract.  

The article deals with the issues related to the educational technical text, understood as the purpose and means of teaching a foreign language. The focus is put on the study of the peculiarities of perception and understanding of the educational text in the context of the application of an adaptive approach to the development of foreign language competencies. The experiment showed that the considered adaptive technologies of reading the text, as well as the language structures presented in the tasks, significantly contribute to a deeper understanding of the text, develop language guesswork, help to logically build a sequence of thoughts, master grammatical structures, and penetrate deeper into the semantics of words and phrases.

Keywords:

С. 257-269

TECHNIQUES FOR EXPANDING THE POTENTIAL VOCABULARY OF STUDENTS
OF TECHNICAL UNIVERSITIES WHEN TEACHING ENGLISH

Frolova T. P.                                             DOI: 10.31862/2218-8711-2021-6-270-278